库布齐沙漠边缘不同下垫面风沙流物质再分配及对营养元素的富集作用

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.400

干旱区地理 ›› 2023, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 889-899.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.400

库布齐沙漠边缘不同下垫面风沙流物质再分配及对营养元素的富集作用

闫敏^1,²(),陈宇鑫^3,⁴,左合君^1,²(),王海兵^1,²,席成¹

1.内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
2.内蒙古自治区风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重点实验室，内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
3.水利部牧区水利科学研究所，内蒙古呼和浩特 010020
4.中国水利水电科学研究院内蒙古阴山北麓草原生态水文野外科学观测研究站，北京 100038

收稿日期:2022-08-17 修回日期:2022-09-27 出版日期:2023-06-25 发布日期:2023-07-24
通讯作者: 左合君（1971-），男，博士，教授，博士研究生导师，主要从事荒漠化防治、道路风沙及风吹雪灾害防治研究. E-mail: zuohj@126.com
作者简介:闫敏（1992-），男，博士，讲师，主要从事荒漠化防治及交通线路沙害、风吹雪害防治研究. E-mail: ym5233@126.com
基金资助:
“科技兴蒙”行动重点专项项目课题一“库布齐沙漠生态保护与治理技术研究”(KJXM-EEDS-2020006)

Redistribution characteristics of aeolian sand flow on different underlying surfaces at the edge of Hobq Desert and their enrichment effect on nutrients

YAN Min^1,²(),CHEN Yuxin^3,⁴,ZUO Hejun^1,²(),WANG Haibing^1,²,XI Cheng¹

1. College of Desert Control Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
2. Key Laboratory of Aeolian Sand Physics and Sand Control Engineering in Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
3. Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
4. Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrolongical National Observation and Research Station, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China

Received:2022-08-17 Revised:2022-09-27 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-07-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以库布齐沙漠流动沙地、封沙育草带、防风阻沙林、农田防护林和农田5种下垫面为研究对象，采用野外观测与室内分析的方法对其地表与0~100 cm风沙流中沉积物的粒度及其元素特征进行分析。结果表明：（1）农田和有植被覆盖地表的地表粗糙度较流动沙地明显增加，10 cm处风速减少18%以上，总输沙量平均减少85.6%。（2）不同粒度沙粒中Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn含量差异明显，Cu、Zn元素在粉砂中含量最高，Mn元素在极细砂中含量最高，Fe元素在细砂中含量最多。（3）在风沙流物质再分配作用下，风沙流中粉砂和极细砂含量随着高度的上升而增加，平均较地表增加了约14倍，Cu、Zn、Mn元素含量随之增加，风沙流中随高度上升细砂含量先增加后减少，Fe元素含量也呈现出先增加后减少的趋势，这与原地表中元素含量、地表沉积物不同粒径中元素含量特征密切相关。

关键词: 风沙流, 粒度组成, 元素迁移, 库布齐沙漠

Abstract:

Taking the five kinds of underlying surfaces i.e. mobile sand, sand sealing grass belt, wind and sand barrier forest, farmland shelter forest and farmland of Hobq Desert as the research objects, the particle size and elemental characteristics of sediments in the surface and 0-100 cm aeolian sand flow were analyzed by field observation and indoor analysis. The results showed that: (1) The surface roughness of farmland and vegetation-covered land increased significantly compared with moving sand, the wind speed at 10 cm decreased by more than 18%, and the total sand transport decreased by 85.6% on average. (2) The content of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in different grain sizes of sand is obviously different, Cu and Zn elements have the highest content in silt sand, Mn elements have the highest content in very fine sand, and Fe elements have the highest content in fine sand. (3) Under the redistribution of aeolian sand flow materials, the content of silt and very fine sand in aeolian sand flow increases with the uplift of height, which increases by about 14 times on average compared with the surface, and the content of Cu, Zn and Mn elements increases accordingly, the content of fine sand in aeolian sand flow increases first and then decreases, and the Fe element content also shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, which is closely related to the element content in the original surface and the element content characteristics of different particle sizes in surface sediments.

Key words: aeolian sand flow, particle size composition, element migration, Hobq Desert

闫敏, 陈宇鑫, 左合君, 王海兵, 席成. 库布齐沙漠边缘不同下垫面风沙流物质再分配及对营养元素的富集作用[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(6): 889-899.

YAN Min, CHEN Yuxin, ZUO Hejun, WANG Haibing, XI Cheng. Redistribution characteristics of aeolian sand flow on different underlying surfaces at the edge of Hobq Desert and their enrichment effect on nutrients[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(6): 889-899.

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下垫面类型	元素含量	粉砂	极细砂	细砂	中砂
流动沙地	Cu	0.802^*	0.737^*	-0.620	-0.876^**
	Zn	0.625	0.671	-0.513	-0.761^*
	Mn	0.657	0.727^*	-0.524	-0.892^**
	Fe	-0.722	-0.754	0.891	-0.812
封沙育草带	Cu	0.986^**	0.958^**	-0.979^**	-0.734
	Zn	0.895^*	0.844^*	-0.878^*	-0.677
	Mn	0.987^**	0.991^**	-0.975^**	-0.850^*
	Fe	-0.711	-0.610	0.769	-0.966
防风阻沙林	Cu	0.938^**	0.898^*	-0.894^**	-0.943^**
	Zn	0.875^*	0.758^*	-0.771^*	-0.928^**
	Mn	0.674	0.832^*	-0.705^*	-0.872^*
	Fe	-0.723	-0.957	0.802	-0.953
农田防护林	Cu	0.958^**	0.911^**	-0.784^*	-0.952^**
	Zn	0.867^*	0.855^*	-0.608	-0.877^*
	Mn	0.608^*	0.730^*	0.758^**	-0.862^*
	Fe	-0.739	-0.895	0.928^*	-0.976^*
农田	Cu	0.749^*	0.662	-0.713^*	-0.815^*
	Zn	0.953^**	0.923^**	-0.946^**	-0.782^*
	Mn	0.794^*	0.831^*	-0.607	-0.663
	Fe	0.868	0.853	-0.818	-0.852

库布齐沙漠边缘不同下垫面风沙流物质再分配及对营养元素的富集作用

Redistribution characteristics of aeolian sand flow on different underlying surfaces at the edge of Hobq Desert and their enrichment effect on nutrients

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