基于DNDC的春玉米水肥耦合优化方案模拟研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.036

干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 2099-2110.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.036 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2025036

基于DNDC的春玉米水肥耦合优化方案模拟研究

李浩霖¹(), 张雪洁²(), 张红娟², 孙丽娜³, 宋鹏程², 李平²

¹ 北京工业大学环境科学与能源工程学院，北京 100124
² 甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院，甘肃兰州 730070
³ 甘肃省武威市凉州区农业技术推广中心，甘肃武威 733000

收稿日期:2025-01-16 修回日期:2025-04-18 出版日期:2025-12-25 发布日期:2025-12-30
通讯作者: 张雪洁（2000-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事农业水资源高效利用研究. E-mail: 15048612668@163.com
作者简介:李浩霖（1993-），男，硕士研究生，中级工程师，主要从事作物模型模拟研究. E-mail: teddylhl@gmail.com
基金资助:
民勤县重点研发计划项目(MQ2024KJXM007);甘肃省水利科学试验研究与技术推广计划项目(23GSLK047);甘肃省科技计划项目（重大项目）(21ZD4NF044)

Simulation study on water and fertilization coupling optimization scheme of spring maize based on DNDC model

LI Haolin¹(), ZHANG Xuejie²(), ZHANG Hongjuan², SUN Li’na³, SONG Pengcheng², LI Ping²

¹ College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
² College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
³ Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Liangzhou District, Wuwei 733000, Gansu, China

Received:2025-01-16 Revised:2025-04-18 Published:2025-12-25 Online:2025-12-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究不同水分梯度下传统肥减量及有机肥替代减量化肥等联控措施对春玉米的影响，采用玉米田间试验和作物生长模型相结合的方法，以2022—2023年春玉米“DK818”为试验材料，设置充分灌溉（田间持水率的75%~95%）和非充分灌溉（田间持水率的55%~75%）2个灌溉梯度，当地施肥量（225 kg·hm^-2）为基准设置传统肥、传统肥减量1/3、传统肥减量1/3+有机肥替代减量3种施肥模式，基于反硝化-分解（DNDC）模型定量分析不同水肥耦合对民勤绿洲作物产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：（1） 2022—2023年DNDC模型率定期和验证期的模拟值与实测值的纳什系数位于0.72~0.98之间，决定系数均大于0.80。（2）验证后的DNDC模型在模拟民勤绿洲玉米生长时具有较好的适用性。（3）不同水肥耦合情景T_240-40%（灌水定额240 m³·hm^-2，配施40%有机肥）处理玉米产量比T_300-40%（灌水定额300 m³·hm^-2，配施40%有机肥）处理低1.08%，而水分利用效率及灌溉水利用效率分别增加17.40%、23.65%，同时肥料偏生产力增加了1.07%。T_240-40%处理为民勤绿洲最优水肥耦合方案，研究结果可为提高民勤绿洲春玉米水肥利用效率提供理论依据。

关键词: DNDC模型, 玉米, 产量, 水分利用效率, 肥料偏生产力

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of reducing the use of traditional fertilizers and substituting them with organic fertilizers on the growth of spring maize (Zea mays L.) under different irrigation gradients, we used a combination of field trials and crop growth modeling. Fully (75%-95% of field capacity) and partially (55%-75% of field capacity) irrigated gradients were set. Additionally, three modes of fertilizer addition, traditional, traditional reduced by one-third, and traditional reduced by one-third+organic fertilizer, were set based on the local fertilizer application rates of 225 kg·hm⁻². The effects of different water-fertilizer combinations on the yield and water use efficiency of crops in the Minqin Oasis, Gansu Province, China, could be ascertained based on a quantitative analysis using the DNDC model. The results showed that: (1) The Nash coefficients (ME) of the simulated and measured values of the standard and validation periods during 2022—2023, employing the DNDC model, were in the range of 0.72-0.98, and the coefficients of determination (R²) were >0.80. (2) The validated DNDC model exhibited good applicability in simulating the growth rates of maize plants in the Minqin Oasis. (3) The yield under different water-fertilizer application scenarios varied; that with T_240-40% (40% organic fertilizer) treatment was 1.08% lower than that with T_300-40% (40% organic fertilizer) treatment; while water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency increased by 17.40% and 23.65%, respectively; and the partial fertilizer productivity improved by 1.07%. T_240-40% was the most optimal water-fertilizer treatment scheme. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for improving the water-fertilizer use efficiency of spring maize in the Minqin Oasis.

Key words: DNDC model, maize, yield, water use efficiency, partial fertilizer productivity

李浩霖, 张雪洁, 张红娟, 孙丽娜, 宋鹏程, 李平. 基于DNDC的春玉米水肥耦合优化方案模拟研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(12): 2099-2110.

LI Haolin, ZHANG Xuejie, ZHANG Hongjuan, SUN Li’na, SONG Pengcheng, LI Ping. Simulation study on water and fertilization coupling optimization scheme of spring maize based on DNDC model[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(12): 2099-2110.

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处理	灌溉梯度	施肥
处理	灌溉梯度	施肥类型	施肥量/kg·hm^-2
W1F1	充分灌溉75%~95%θ_f（W1）	传统肥（F1）	225
W1F2		传统肥减量（F2）	150
W1F3		传统肥减量+有机肥（F3）	150+75
W2F1	胁迫灌溉55%~75%θ_f（W2）	传统肥（F1）	225
W2F2		传统肥减量（F2）	150
W2F3		传统肥减量+有机肥（F3）	150+75

土壤参数		作物参数
参数类型	取值	参数类型	取值
土壤质地	砂壤土	最高产量/kg·hm^-2	6993.00
土壤容重/g·cm^-3	1.37	总需氮量/kg·hm^-2	125.82
田间持水率/cm³·cm^-3	0.20	生长积温/℃	2550.00
孔隙度	0.48	需水量/mm	150.00
pH值	9.60	最适温度/℃	30.00
表层土壤有机碳/g·kg^-1	1.00	固氮系数	1.00

情景处理	灌水定额/m³·hm^-2	施肥类型	有机肥施肥量/kg·hm^-2
T_300-100%	300	100%有机肥	225
T_300-80%		80%有机肥	180
T_300-60%		60%有机肥	135
T_300-40%		40%有机肥	90
T_300-20%		20%有机肥	45
T_240-100%	240	100%有机肥	225
T_240-80%		80%有机肥	180
T_240-60%		60%有机肥	135
T_240-40%		40%有机肥	90
T_240-20%		20%有机肥	45
T_180-100%	180	100%有机肥	225
T_180-80%		80%有机肥	180
T_180-60%		60%有机肥	135
T_180-40%		40%有机肥	90
T_180-20%		20%有机肥	45
T_120-100%	120	100%有机肥	225
T_120-80%		80%有机肥	180
T_120-60%		60%有机肥	135
T_120-40%		40%有机肥	90
T_120-20%		20%有机肥	45

基于DNDC的春玉米水肥耦合优化方案模拟研究

Simulation study on water and fertilization coupling optimization scheme of spring maize based on DNDC model

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