黄河“几”字弯都市圈城镇化高质量发展时空分异及驱动力

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.501

干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (7): 1279-1292.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.501 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024501

黄河“几”字弯都市圈城镇化高质量发展时空分异及驱动力

武志平¹(), 姜民¹, 付建新²^,³^,⁴()

1.太原师范学院地理科学学院，山西晋中 030619
2.太原师范学院城镇与区域发展研究所，山西晋中 030619
3.太原师范学院汾河流域地表过程与资源生态安全山西省重点实验室，山西晋中 030619
4.太原师范学院碳中和研究院，山西晋中 030619

收稿日期:2024-08-20 修回日期:2024-10-24 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-07-04
通讯作者: 付建新（1980-），男，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，主要从事土地利用、区域发展与国土空间规划研究. E-mail: fujx@163.com
作者简介:武志平（2000-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事城市地理与城乡规划相关方面的研究. E-mail: Wuzhiping157@163.com
基金资助:
山西省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(2022J026);山西省科技战略研究专项(202204031401111);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2020L0505);山西省社科联重点课题研究项目(SSKLZDKT2022100)

Spatial and temporal differences and driving forces for high-quality development of urbanization in the Jiziwan metropolitan area of the Yellow River

WU Zhiping¹(), JIANG Min¹, FU Jianxin²^,³^,⁴()

1. School of Geographical Sciences, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China
2. Institute of Urban and Regional Development, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China
3. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Security in Fenhe River Basin, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China
4. Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China

Received:2024-08-20 Revised:2024-10-24 Published:2025-07-25 Online:2025-07-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 推进黄河“几”字弯都市圈城镇化高质量发展是打造黄河流域增长极的重要支撑。以黄河“几”字弯都市圈15个地级市为研究对象，从人口、经济、社会和生态4个维度构建城镇化高质量发展评价指标体系，运用熵值法、泰尔指数、标准差椭圆和地理探测器研究方法，分析了2012—2021年城镇化高质量发展时空分异特征及其驱动力。结果表明：（1）从时间上看，2012—2021年黄河“几”字弯都市圈城镇化高质量发展水平整体呈波动上升趋势。（2）从空间上看，黄河“几”字弯都市圈城镇化高质量发展水平空间差异显著，呈现“核心-边缘”的空间分布格局；城镇化高质量发展水平的总体差异呈现先上升后下降的趋势，区域内差异是城镇化高质量发展总体差异的主要来源；标准差椭圆空间分布方向整体呈“东北—西南”走向，椭圆重心在鄂尔多斯市境内，空间集聚特征明显。（3）经济基础是城镇化高质量发展的主导因素，市场环境、政府调控能力和科技创新能力对城镇化高质量发展起到重要作用。研究结果可为黄河“几”字弯都市圈城镇化高质量发展和区域协调发展提供一定的理论支持和参考依据。

关键词: 城镇化高质量, 质量测度, 时空格局, 地理探测器, 黄河“几”字弯都市圈

Abstract:

Promoting high-quality urban development in the Jiziwan metropolitan area of the Yellow River is crucial for establishing a significant growth pole within China’s Yellow River Basin. This study focuses on the 15 prefecture-level cities in the Jiziwan metropolitan area, developing a comprehensive evaluation index system for high-quality urbanization based on four dimensions: population, economy, society, and ecology. To analyze the spatial and temporal divergence characteristics and driving forces of high-quality urbanization from 2012 to 2021, the study employs the entropy method, Theil index, standard deviation ellipse, and geographic detector research method. The findings reveal the following. (1) The overall level of high-quality urbanization in the Jiziwan metropolitan area of the Yellow River exhibits a fluctuating upward trend from 2012 to 2021. (2) High-quality urbanization levels in this region shows significant spatial disparities, following a “core-edge” distribution pattern. Overall differences in development levels initially rise before falling, with intra-regional disparities being the primary contributor to overall variances in high-quality urbanization. The standard deviation ellipse indicates a spatial distribution directed from “northeast to southwest”, with its center of gravity located in Ordos City, highlighting notable spatial clustering. (3) The economic base serves as the dominant factor influencing high-quality urbanization, whereas the market environment, government regulatory capacity, and scientific innovation also play critical supporting roles. This study offers theoretical insights and serves as a reference for promoting high-quality urbanization and coordinated regional development in the Jiziwan metropolitan area of the Yellow River.

Key words: high-quality urbanization, quality measurement, spatial and temporal pattern, geographical detector, Jiziwan metropolitan area of the Yellow River

武志平, 姜民, 付建新. 黄河“几”字弯都市圈城镇化高质量发展时空分异及驱动力[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(7): 1279-1292.

WU Zhiping, JIANG Min, FU Jianxin. Spatial and temporal differences and driving forces for high-quality development of urbanization in the Jiziwan metropolitan area of the Yellow River[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(7): 1279-1292.

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维度	指标	单位	属性	权重
人口城镇化	人口密度	人·km^-2	正向	0.0525
	城镇人口占比	%	正向	0.0345
	城镇登记失业率	%	负向	0.0251
经济城镇化	人均GDP	10⁴元	正向	0.0748
	一般公共预算收入	10⁴元	正向	0.1004
	社会消费品零售总额	10⁴元	正向	0.1148
	第二产业占GDP比重	%	正向	0.0336
	第三产业占GDP比重	%	正向	0.0347
	规模以上工业企业个数	个	正向	0.0598
社会城镇化	人均道路面积	m²	正向	0.0485
	城市供水普及率	%	正向	0.0038
	城市燃气普及率	%	正向	0.0067
	每万人普通中学在校学生数	人	正向	0.0189
	公共图书馆图书藏量	10³册	正向	0.1737
	每万人拥有医疗床位数	张	正向	0.0352
生态城镇化	人均公园绿地面积	m²	正向	0.0446
	建成区绿化覆盖率	％	正向	0.0064
	城市污水处理率	％	正向	0.0065
	生活垃圾无害化处理率	%	正向	0.0053
	道路清扫保洁面积	10⁴ m²	正向	0.1202

城市	人口城镇化指数		经济城镇化指数		社会城镇化指数		生态城镇化指数
城市	均值	排序	均值	排序	均值	排序	均值	排序
太原市	0.0564	4	0.2261	1	0.0847	2	0.1076	2
朔州市	0.0416	9	0.0860	9	0.0465	10	0.0314	12
忻州市	0.0271	14	0.0836	10	0.0414	13	0.0286	13
吕梁市	0.0608	3	0.1180	7	0.0353	15	0.0241	14
呼和浩特市	0.0648	2	0.1769	5	0.0496	6	0.0901	4
包头市	0.0432	8	0.2003	3	0.0743	3	0.0835	5
乌海市	0.0707	1	0.0822	11	0.0449	11	0.0480	7
鄂尔多斯市	0.0507	6	0.2246	2	0.0954	1	0.1087	1
巴彦淖尔市	0.0341	12	0.0628	13	0.0448	12	0.0354	11
延安市	0.0532	5	0.0902	8	0.0402	14	0.0224	15
榆林市	0.0385	10	0.1900	4	0.0495	7	0.0463	8
银川市	0.0377	11	0.1295	6	0.0627	4	0.0944	3
石嘴山市	0.0483	7	0.0660	12	0.0554	5	0.0591	6
吴忠市	0.0339	13	0.0567	14	0.0494	8	0.0410	10
中卫市	0.0243	15	0.0369	15	0.0476	9	0.0428	9

年份	泰尔指数	组内差距	组间差距	贡献率/%
年份	泰尔指数	组内差距	组间差距	组内	组间
2012	0.06848	0.05338	0.01511	77.94	22.06
2013	0.07927	0.06420	0.01507	80.99	19.01
2014	0.06872	0.05545	0.01327	80.69	19.31
2015	0.07366	0.05549	0.01817	75.33	24.67
2016	0.09584	0.06658	0.02926	69.47	30.53
2017	0.07087	0.05673	0.01414	80.05	19.95
2018	0.07044	0.05986	0.01059	84.97	15.03
2019	0.07036	0.06010	0.01026	85.42	14.58
2020	0.06409	0.05456	0.00953	85.13	14.87
2021	0.06176	0.05290	0.00886	85.65	14.35

维度	指标	单位
经济基础	地区生产总值（X₁）	10⁴元
经济基础	金融机构贷款余额（X₂）	10⁴元
政府调控能力	地方一般公共预算收入（X₃）	10⁴元
市场环境	社会消费品零售总额（X₄）	10⁴元
人力资本	每万人在校中学生数（X₅）	人
产业结构	第二、三产业占GDP比重（X₆）	%
科技创新能力	教育、科学技术支出（X₇）	10⁴元
对外开放程度	进出口总额（X₈）	10⁴ USD

影响因子	q值
影响因子	2012年	2017年	2021年
X₁	0.861585^***	0.784366^**	0.853240^***
X₂	0.749393	0.906126^***	0.889410^***
X₃	0.856192^**	0.725715^**	0.763970^**
X₄	0.841920^**	0.890529^***	0.885348^**
X₅	0.131173	0.308228	0.696286^**
X₆	0.717791	0.609594	0.513431
X₇	0.435654	0.484844	0.739060^**
X₈	0.498088	0.342002	0.496852

黄河“几”字弯都市圈城镇化高质量发展时空分异及驱动力

Spatial and temporal differences and driving forces for high-quality development of urbanization in the Jiziwan metropolitan area of the Yellow River

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