中国农业技术创新的时空格局及其诱致性

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.074

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用2000—2018年农业专利申请数据刻画农业技术创新产出的时空格局特征，通过归纳总结的方法挖掘其诱致性规律。得出主要结论如下：（1）中国农业技术创新的整体时空演化趋势与施莫克勒假说的路线较为吻合。农业专利申请量呈现出指数型增长；高高集聚区从东北地区向长三角地区转移，低低集聚区稳定在西部地区并有扩大趋势。（2）中国农业技术创新产出的时空演化，受到希克斯—速水—拉坦—宾斯旺格假说和施莫克勒假说的复合影响，市场需求诱致性特征更加明显。因技术类型不同，农业技术创新产出的空间格局受差异化的诱致性影响。联合作业机械技术创新产出在空间上的集聚与要素价格诱致性相关性较强，而农作物防治、畜牧养殖、渔业生产等方面的技术创新产出则表现出较强的市场需求诱致性。研究结果为优化农业生产布局、合理配置农业科技创新资源提供了参考，对推动农业现代化发展具有积极意义。

关键词: 农业技术创新, 诱致性, 技术特征, 空间格局, 中国

Abstract:

This study uses agricultural patent application data from 2000 to 2018 to characterize the spatial-temporal pattern of agricultural technology innovation output and explores the patterns by inductive methods. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The overall spatial-temporal trend in the evolution of agricultural technology innovation in China is more consistent with the route of the Schmookler hypothesis. The number of agricultural patent applications has grown exponentially. The high-high agglomeration phenomenon shifts from the northeast region to the Yangtze River Delta region. The low-low agglomeration area is stable in the western region but tends to expand. (2) The spatial-temporal evolution of agricultural technology innovation output in China is influenced by the composite of the Hicks-Speedwater-Latan-Binswanger hypothesis and the Schmokler hypothesis, and the induced characteristics of market demand are more obvious. The spatial pattern of agricultural technology innovation output shows different induced characteristics due to different technology types. The spatial clustering of technological innovation outputs of combined operating machinery strongly correlates with factor price inducements. In contrast, technological innovation outputs in crop control, livestock breeding, and fishery production are strongly induced by market demand. Simultaneously, the effects of public goods’ characteristics, path dependence, and institutional arrangements are also evident. The study provides a reference for optimizing the layout of agricultural production and the rational allocation of agricultural science and technology innovation resources, which has a positive significance for promoting the development of agricultural modernization.

Key words: agricultural technology innovation, inducement, technological characteristics, spatial pattern, China

梁常安, 杜国明, 郝均. 中国农业技术创新的时空格局及其诱致性[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(4): 667-677.

LIANG Chang’an, DU Guoming, HAO Jun. Spatial-temporal pattern and inducement of agricultural technology innovation in China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(4): 667-677.

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