民间信仰载体的地域格局及其影响因素——以兰州市榆中县祠庙文化为例

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.02.16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以祠庙祭祀为主体且祠庙保存良好的民间信仰是甘肃陇中地区民间文化的重要组成。甘肃陇中地区的民间信仰具有很强的趋同性，本文以陇中地区的榆中县为例，以各村的祠庙为民间文化载体，通过核密度分析、Logistic回归等方法探讨榆中县民间文化载体的空间分布及其影响因素对于探讨陇中地区人地关系，保护和弘扬民俗文化有着重要意义。研究结果表明：（1）根据已有研究将榆中县民间信仰归纳为山神信仰、水神信仰、天地信仰、女性信仰、英雄崇拜和祖先崇拜，祖先崇拜的祠庙数量占有重要地位；（2）榆中县祠庙主要分布在西北黄河南岸、中部陇海铁路沿线及南部风景名胜集聚区，村级层面空间差异不显著、乡镇空间差异相对较大。通过核密度分析，不同类别民间信仰空间分布热点各有不同；（3）榆中县民间信仰空间分布受到区位条件限制，民间信仰的祠庙多位于海拔高度较低、人口密度较大、交通可达性较好的地区，坡度和到水源的距离成为山神信仰和水神信仰祠庙空间分布显著的影响因子，榆中县祠庙呈现出山神信仰类祠庙“依山”，水神信仰类祠庙“傍水”的空间特点。

关键词: 榆中县, 祠庙, 民间信仰, 空间分布, 影响因素, 核密度分析, Logisitc回归

Abstract: Geographical environment has a strong influence on the formation of regional culture. The temples in Yuzhong were taken as the research object considering the similarities of culture and folk religion in Longzhong area, Gansu Province, China in order to enrich the study of cultural geography. This paper discusses the spatial distribution of folk temples and its influencing factors. The research data were obtained through literature collection and field investigation, and the temple types were classified according to the types of beliefs. Kernel density analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the spatial distribution and influencing factors of temples. The main findings are listed as follows: (1) Folk religion in Yuzhong County could be divided into natural belief, fairy belief and personality belief. The main types of the temple in Yuzhong were the water and ancestor worship belief. (2) Temples were mainly agglomerated at northwest area (along the banks of Yellow River), central area (on both sides of the Long-Hai Railway) and south scenic regions. The distribution of temples was greatly influenced by regional culture. (3) The spatial distribution of temples was also limited by the geographical conditions. The temples in Yuzhong County were mostly located in areas with low altitude, high population density and good traffic accessibility. The temples of the mountain god belief were near the mountain, while the temples of water god belief were close to the river. The influencing factors on the distribution of temples were discussed quantitatively by mathematical method on the basis of the collected data of temples. This paper hopes to provide some suggestions for the protection of traditional culture by revealing the characteristics of folk beliefs in the study area.

Key words: Yuzhong County, temple, folk belief, spatial distribution, impact factors, KDE, Logistic regression

宋周莺, 虞洋, 梁龙武, 马振邦. 民间信仰载体的地域格局及其影响因素——以兰州市榆中县祠庙文化为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(2): 363-375.

SONG Zhou-ying, YU Yang, LIANG Long-wu, MA Zhen-bang. Spatial distribution of the carrier of the folk religion and its influencing factors: A case study of Temple in Yuzhong County[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(2): 363-375.

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