黄河流域旅游生态安全的演化特征和影响因素分析——基于社会网络分析视角

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.772

Abstract

Abstract:

A thorough analysis of the spatial correlation network structure and influencing factors of tourism ecological security in the Yellow River Basin is essential for balancing economic benefits with ecological constraints and promoting regional sustainable development. Using inter-provincial panel data from the Yellow River Basin spanning 2009 to 2022, this study employed the entropy method, a modified gravity model, social network analysis, and quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) regression to examine the spatial correlation network of tourism ecological security and identify key influencing factors. The results reveal the following: (1) Tourism ecological security across the basin’s nine provinces exhibits significant cross-administrative characteristics, with inter-regional dependence steadily increasing. (2) The network displays pronounced spatial heterogeneity; the absence of dominant core nodes results in insufficient agglomeration effects and limited linkage development. (3) Differences in provincial plate ownership determine distinct roles and positions within the spatial correlation network. (4) Regional GDP, per capita tourism consumption, tertiary industry added value, wastewater discharge, and solid waste utilization rate emerge as the primary influencing factors. From a social network analysis perspective, this study elucidates the overall and local characteristics of the tourism ecological security spatial network in the Yellow River Basin and identifies critical drivers. These findings offer a novel theoretical framework to support the sustainable and healthy development of the region.

Key words: tourism ecological security, social network analysis, influencing factor, the Yellow River Basin

WEI Lirong, CHENG Zhanhong, SHI Ye, ZHANG Yuyao, WANG Ziyan, NIU Liqin. Evolution characteristics and influencing factors of tourism ecological security in the Yellow River Basin: Based on social network analysis[J].Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(2): 245-254.

Figures/Tables 7

Tab. 1

Evaluation index system of tourism ecological security in the Yellow River Basin"

准则层	要素层	指标层	权重	指标含义
驱动力（D）	经济要素	地区生产总值（D₁）	0.0580	国民经济增长对旅游地生态环境的冲击
	经济要素	第三产业增加值（D₂）	0.0638	产业结构对生态环境的影响
	社会要素	城镇化率（D₃）	0.0158	城市化进程对旅游生态的冲击
	社会要素	人口自然增长率（D₄）	0.0165	人口对资源和环境的基础压力
	旅游要素	旅游人数增长率（D₅）	0.0121	旅游市场的活力和吸引力
	旅游要素	旅游收入增长率（D₆）	0.0156	旅游产业的增长能力
压力（P）	交通压力	旅游交通压力（P₁）	0.0101	游客的流动性对旅游目的地交通设施的影响
	社会压力	人口密度（P₂）	0.0284	当地居民对旅游空间的占用度
		游客密度指数（P₃）	0.0098	旅游者对旅游地的干扰程度
		旅游空间指数（P₄）	0.0154	游客对旅游地的占用程度
	环境压力	废水排放量（P₅）	0.0149	水资源污染对生态系统的负面影响
		废气排放量（P₆）	0.0183	空气污染对生态系统的负面影响
		单位电力消耗量（P₇）	0.0220	旅游活动对电力资源的需求和消耗情况
		单位水资源消耗量（P₈）	0.0102	旅游活动对水资源的需求和消耗情况
状态（S）	经济质量	旅游总收入（S₁）	0.0797	旅游经济发展水平
	经济质量	旅游总人数（S₂）	0.0562	旅游市场规模
	旅游资源	旅游景区密度指数（S₃）	0.0522	旅游业的发展潜力
	基础设施	星级饭店数（S₄）	0.0345	旅游基础设施的完备度和游客接待能力
	基础设施	旅行社数（S₅）	0.0396	旅游市场的活跃度
	生态环境	森林覆盖率（S₆）	0.0371	旅游地的环境稳定性
		人均公共绿地面积（S₇）	0.0410	旅游地的游憩空间承载力状况
		空气质量优良率（S₈）	0.0125	地区的生态环境综合情况
影响（I）	旅游经济	旅游收入指数（I₁）	0.0374	旅游业发展水平及对经济发展的贡献度
		人均旅游消费（I₂）	0.0325	旅游者的消费水平
		旅游业从业人数（I₃）	0.0598	旅游业的就业吸纳能力和人才资本水平
响应（R）	社会响应	普通高等学校在校学生数（R₁）	0.0493	旅游业后续发展的人才供给能力
	经济调控	旅游固定资产投入（R₂）	0.0485	旅游地在基础设施改善方面的投入力度
		地方财政环境保护支出（R₃）	0.0323	政府在生态保护方面的投入力度
		财政支出占GDP比重（R₄）	0.0411	相关部门对生态环境投资的经济动力
	环境治理	生活垃圾无害化处理率（R₅）	0.0115	旅游地的污染防治水平
	环境治理	固体废弃物利用率（R₆）	0.0239	旅游地的可持续发展能力

Tab. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 2

Tab. 3

Tab. 4

Tab. 5

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省区	2009年			2012年			2015年			2018年			2022年
省区	DC	CC	BC	DC	CC	BC	DC	CC	BC	DC	CC	BC	DC	CC	BC
宁夏回族自治区	37.50	29.63	0.00	37.50	38.10	0.00	50.00	30.77	0.00	62.50	66.67	0.00	50.00	38.10	0.00
内蒙古自治区	37.50	23.53	13.50	37.50	28.57	13.00	25.00	16.33	5.33	50.00	40.00	14.50	50.00	29.63	10.67
甘肃省	37.50	23.53	7.33	37.50	29.63	10.83	37.50	23.53	0.50	50.00	44.44	23.58	37.50	30.77	10.17
青海省	37.50	29.63	0.00	50.00	42.11	0.00	50.00	30.77	0.00	37.50	33.33	0.00	37.50	40.00	0.00
陕西省	37.50	23.53	0.00	50.00	30.77	8.00	50.00	24.24	3.33	37.50	42.11	3.50	37.50	28.57	10.17
山西省	25.00	22.22	6.33	25.00	25.81	8.33	25.00	16.33	4.00	25.00	33.33	11.08	37.50	28.57	0.33
山东省	25.00	21.05	9.50	25.00	23.53	10.00	12.50	15.69	3.33	25.00	28.57	9.50	25.00	22.22	0.67
四川省	25.00	27.59	0.00	50.00	30.77	0.50	50.00	30.77	0.00	12.50	40.00	0.25	25.00	30.77	3.33
河南省	12.50	19.05	0.33	12.50	20.51	0.33	12.50	15.69	0.50	12.50	23.53	0.58	12.50	25.81	7.67
平均值	30.56	24.42	4.11	36.11	29.98	5.67	34.72	22.68	1.89	34.72	39.11	7.00	34.72	30.49	4.78

板块	省区	省区数	接收数合计		发出数合计		期望内部关系比例/%	实际内部关系比例/%	板块类型
板块	省区	省区数	板块内	板块外	板块内	板块外	期望内部关系比例/%	实际内部关系比例/%	板块类型
板块一	山西省、河南省	2	1	4	1	4	12.50	20.00	双向溢出
板块二	甘肃省、青海省、四川省、宁夏回族自治区	4	4	3	4	9	37.50	30.77	净溢出
板块三	内蒙古自治区	1	0	5	0	3	0.00	0.00	净受益
板块四	陕西省、山东省	2	0	8	0	4	12.50	0.00	经纪人

板块	密度矩阵				像矩阵
板块	板块一	板块二	板块三	板块四	板块一	板块二	板块三	板块四
板块一	0.500	0.000	0.500	0.750	1.000	0.000	1.000	1.000
板块二	0.000	0.333	1.000	0.625	0.000	0.000	1.000	1.000
板块三	1.000	0.250	-	0.000	1.000	0.000	-	0.000
板块四	0.500	0.250	0.000	0.000	1.000	0.000	0.000	0.000

变量	QAP相关性分析		QAP回归分析
变量	相关系数	P值	非标准化回归系数	标准化回归系数	显著性概率	概率A	概率B
截距项	-	-	0.081	0.000	-	-	-
地区生产总值	0.258	0.024	0.409	0.270	0.068	0.068	0.932
人均旅游消费	0.302	0.024	0.256	0.218	0.037	0.037	0.963
第三产业增加值	0.303	0.003	0.102	0.056	0.086	0.086	0.914
废水排放量	0.249	0.047	0.307	0.300	0.073	0.073	0.927
固体废弃物利用率	0.249	0.037	0.123	0.257	0.013	0.013	0.987

Evolution characteristics and influencing factors of tourism ecological security in the Yellow River Basin: Based on social network analysis

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