近60 a天山北坡冰川变化研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.509

Abstract

Abstract:

Understanding glacier changes on the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains on the basin scale is critical for the rational development and use of water resources in downstream oases. The recent glacier boundaries on the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains were obtained based on multisource remote sensing images. Combined with the glacier inventory released earlier and ASTER DEM, changes in the glacier area and mass balance in this region were analyzed. The results revealed that: (1) A total of 10061 glaciers were distributed on the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains around 2015, with a total area of 4855.85±245.86 km². The glacier area on the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains in China decreased at a rate of 0.52%·a⁻¹±0.06%·a⁻¹from 1960s to 2015. Furthermore, an accelerated decreasing trend was observed (0.96%·a⁻¹±0.88%·a⁻¹). The glacier area in the foreign part of the north slope of Tianshan Mountains decreased at a rate of 0.56%·a⁻¹±0.31%·a⁻¹ from 1999 to 2015. (2) The change rate of glacier surface elevation on the north slope of Tianshan Mountains from 2000 to 2020 was −0.57±0.01 m·a⁻¹, and the glacier mass balance was −0.39±0.04 m w.e.·a⁻¹. (3) An obvious spatial difference exists in the changes of glacier area and mass balance in the eastern and western parts of the north slope of Tianshan Mountains, and high decreasing rates of glacier area and mass balance were observed in the eastern part.

Key words: north slope of Tianshan Mountains, glacier change, mass balance, remote sensing

YANG Xuewen, WANG Ninglian, LIANG Qian, CHEN An’an. Glacier changes on the north slope of Tianshan Mountains in recent 60 years[J].Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(7): 1073-1083.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

List of Landsat remote sensing images"

影像编号	获取日期（年-月-日）	云量/%	影像编号	获取日期（年-月-日）	云量/%
LC81380302015243LGN00	2015-08-31	4.49	LC81470282016245LGN00	2016-09-01	0.04
LC81380302016214LGN00	2016-08-01	6.21	LC81470292014239LGN00	2014-08-27	4.26
LC81390302015202LGN00	2015-07-21	1.05	LC81470292016245LGN00	2016-09-01	0.14
LC81390302019229LGN00	2019-08-17	6.22	LC81470292017263LGN00	2017-09-20	0.91
LC81410302016267LGN00	2016-09-23	0.29	LC81470302014207LGN00	2014-07-26	1.88
LC81410302017269LGN00	2017-09-26	0.03	LC81470302016245LGN00	2016-09-01	1.01
LC81420302016210LGN00	2016-07-28	0.63	LC81470302017247LGN00	2017-09-04	1.64
LC81420302016242LGN00	2016-08-29	4.20	LC81470312014207LGN00	2014-07-26	17.98
LC81420302017244LGN00	2017-09-01	3.80	LC81470312015226LGN00	2015-08-14	13.77
LC81420302017260LGN00	2017-09-17	0.48	LC81470312016245LGN00	2016-09-01	6.71
LC81420302017276LGN00	2017-10-03	2.51	LC81480292015217LGN00	2015-08-05	2.00
LC81430302014243LGN00	2014-08-31	0.99	LC81480292015233LGN00	2015-08-21	0.81
LC81430302016217LGN00	2016-08-04	0.75	LC81480292016268LGN00	2016-09-24	2.26
LC81430302017203LGN00	2017-07-22	1.26	LC81480312014214LGN00	2014-08-02	12.93
LC81440302014202LGN00	2014-07-21	15.00	LC81480312015233LGN00	2015-08-21	7.09
LC81440302014234LGN00	2014-08-22	1.46	LC81480312016252LGN00	2016-09-08	17.99
LC81440302015285LGN00	2015-10-12	8.08	LC81480312017190LGN00	2017-07-09	5.78
LC81440302017210LGN00	2017-07-29	19.59	LC81490302015208LGN00	2015-07-27	9.69
LC81450292014241LGN00	2014-08-29	0.58	LC81490302015224LGN00	2015-08-12	1.79
LC81450292015196LGN00	2015-07-15	1.34	LC81490302017261LGN00	2017-09-18	0.72
LC81450292015212LGN00	2015-07-31	7.32	LC81490312015224LGN00	2015-08-12	0.99
LC81450292016231LGN00	2016-08-18	9.59	LC81490312016259LGN00	2016-09-15	0.67
LC81450292016263LGN00	2016-09-19	11.35	LC81490312017245LGN00	2017-09-02	1.54
LC81450302014241LGN00	2014-08-29	5.94	LC81500312015231LGN00	2015-08-19	0.50
LC81450302015196LGN00	2015-07-15	0.50	LC81500312016266LGN00	2016-09-22	1.14
LC81450302015212LGN00	2015-07-31	19.06	LC81510302014219LGN00	2014-08-07	0.10
LC81450302016263LGN00	2016-09-19	3.43	LC81510302015254LGN00	2015-09-11	2.06
LC81450312015196LGN00	2015-07-15	0.45	LC81510302017243LGN00	2017-08-31	0.12
LC81460292015203LGN00	2015-07-22	6.10	LC81510312016241LGN00	2016-08-28	0.55
LC81460292019246LGN00	2019-09-03	5.81	LC81520302017218LGN00	2017-08-06	0.18
LC81460302014200LGN00	2014-07-19	1.03	LC81520312014242LGN00	2014-08-30	0.02
LC81460302016222LGN00	2016-08-09	1.66	LC81530312014233LGN00	2014-08-21	0.07
LC81460302018227LGN00	2018-08-15	6.74	LC81530312016239LGN00	2016-08-26	1.19
LC81460312015203LGN00	2015-07-22	11.56	LC81530312018260LGN00	2018-09-17	3.15
LC81460312016222LGN00	2016-08-09	2.50	LC81530312020234LGN00	2020-08-21	3.69

Tab. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 2

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Tab. 3

Fig. 7

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时段	变化量/km²	相对变化率/%	相对变化速率/%·a^-1
1960s—2007年	-970.02±181.68	-22.72±4.26	-0.48±0.09
2007—2015年	-254.19±233.38	-7.70±7.07	-0.96±0.88
1960s—2015年	-1224.21±146.49	-28.67±3.43	-0.52±0.06

监测冰川	时段	方法	物质平衡/m w.e.·a^-1	数据来源
乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川	2002—2017年	冰川学方法	-0.66	WGMS
	2012—2018年	大地测量学方法	-1.13±0.18^*	[23]
	2002—2017年	大地测量学方法	-0.48±0.04	本研究
Ts. Tuyuksuyskiy冰川	2003—2018年	冰川学方法	-0.50	WGMS
	1998—2016年	大地测量学方法	-0.35±0.18	[24]
	2003—2018年	大地测量学方法	-0.51±0.04	本研究
Igli Tuyuksu冰川	1998—2016年	大地测量学方法	-0.37±0.16	[24]
Igli Tuyuksu冰川	2003—2018年	大地测量学方法	-0.37±0.04	本研究
Golubin冰川	2010—2017年	冰川学方法	-0.38	WGMS
	2000—2019年	模型估算方法	-0.30	[25]
	2003—2017年	大地测量学方法	-0.38±0.03	本研究
Kara-Batkak冰川	2013—2020年	冰川学方法	-0.70	WGMS
	2000—2018年	模型估算方法	-0.54±0.08	[26]
	2004—2020年	大地测量学方法	-0.45±0.05	本研究

Glacier changes on the north slope of Tianshan Mountains in recent 60 years

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