基于遥感的库尔勒地区生态环境质量评价及成因分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.250

Abstract

Abstract:

The ecological environment of the Korla region, Xinjiang, China is highly sensitive and fragile, requiring meticulous attention and sustained efforts for its preservation. Understanding the variations in ecological environment quality in this area is crucial, forming the foundation for effective ecological protection and restoration policies by local authorities. This study employs the innovative concept of the remote sensing ecological index, adapted specifically temperature, land surface dryness, desertification degree, salinization degree, and evapotranspiration—a refined index termed the modified remote sensing ecological index (MRSEI) is developed through principal component analysis. This refined index is applied to conduct a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the factors influencing the ecological environment quality in the Korla region from 1994 to 2021. The results demonstrate that the MRSEI effectively reflects the ecological environment quality of the Korla region. From 1994 to 2021, the MRSEI ranged from 0.253 to 0.346, showing an overall upward trend and indicating an improvement in ecological environment quality. However, the overall ecological environment quality is primarily categorized as “poor” and “relatively poor”, covering 70.96% of the area. The overall spatial distribution reveals a pattern of “relatively poor” in the western part and “relatively good” in the eastern part. Over the 27-year period, approximately 60.41% of the area exhibited minimal change in ecological environment quality, mainly in the western hilly areas and tablelands. Around 16.47% of the area experienced ecological degradation, particularly in the northern plains and some moderately and slightly undulating mountain areas, while 23.12% of the region showed improvement, primarily in the eastern plains and hilly regions. Climate and socioeconomic factors are closely linked to the ecological environment quality in the Korla region. Among climatic factors, evaporation exerts the most significant impact, while among socioeconomic factors, the year-end total population is the primary driver influencing ecological environment quality.

Key words: remote sensing, ecological environment quality evaluation, principal component analysis, Korla region

LI Shijiao, ZHANG Keke, XIE Baoni, WANG Shiwen, LI Zhiguang. Ecological environment quality evaluation and driving factors of Korla region based on remote sensing[J].Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(12): 2064-2074.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Results of principle component analysis"

年份	指标	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5	PC6	PC7
1994	GDVI	0.686	0.270	0.502	0.218	-0.023	0.392	-0.051
	Wet	0.361	0.151	-0.839	-0.025	0.076	0.364	0.055
	LST	-0.241	0.181	-0.143	0.779	-0.528	0.009	-0.060
	NDBSI	-0.265	-0.300	0.049	0.458	0.688	0.392	-0.018
	DI	-0.277	-0.051	0.131	-0.200	-0.293	0.538	0.699
	MSI	-0.273	-0.050	0.039	-0.295	-0.248	0.520	-0.709
	PET	-0.344	0.881	0.046	-0.094	0.306	0.009	0.013
	特征值	0.152	0.043	0.018	0.004	0.003	0.001	0.000
	特征值贡献率/%	68.61	19.52	8.23	2.01	1.18	0.41	0.04
2000	GDVI	0.726	0.349	-0.403	-0.040	0.171	0.396	0.022
	Wet	0.283	0.056	0.861	-0.254	0.267	0.159	0.119
	LST	-0.338	0.305	-0.186	-0.867	0.059	0.052	-0.042
	NDBSI	-0.217	-0.257	-0.193	0.092	0.903	0.038	0.154
	DI	-0.254	-0.074	-0.026	0.061	-0.243	0.575	0.732
	MSI	-0.247	-0.120	0.084	0.108	-0.005	0.694	-0.651
	PET	-0.324	0.834	0.129	0.400	0.145	-0.032	0.016
	特征值	0.158	0.049	0.016	0.005	0.002	0.001	0.000
	特征值贡献率/%	68.41	21.32	6.75	2.04	1.00	0.36	0.12
2006	GDVI	0.670	0.166	-0.479	-0.073	0.162	-0.509	0.062
	Wet	0.346	-0.023	0.830	-0.223	0.240	-0.199	0.211
	LST	-0.276	0.303	-0.134	-0.901	0.038	0.005	0.023
	NDBSI	-0.393	-0.273	-0.173	0.095	0.743	-0.172	0.388
	DI	-0.341	-0.068	0.145	0.040	-0.019	-0.695	-0.611
	MSI	-0.248	0.059	0.018	0.084	-0.558	-0.435	0.653
	PET	-0.151	0.893	0.113	0.340	0.226	0.010	0.015
	特征值	0.216	0.058	0.015	0.005	0.003	0.000	0.000
	特征值贡献率/%	72.78	19.43	4.89	1.57	1.11	0.13	0.09
2011	GDVI	0.701	0.136	-0.425	-0.108	-0.349	-0.412	0.077
	Wet	0.328	0.028	0.891	-0.084	-0.283	-0.076	0.072
	LST	-0.313	0.369	-0.034	-0.855	-0.182	0.001	-0.007
	NDBSI	-0.342	-0.250	-0.114	0.204	-0.858	0.145	0.093
	DI	-0.250	-0.026	0.033	0.043	0.133	-0.432	0.854
	MSI	-0.330	-0.070	0.098	0.096	-0.025	-0.785	-0.501
	PET	-0.118	0.881	0.028	0.444	-0.102	0.032	0.001
	特征值	0.270	0.061	0.012	0.004	0.002	0.001	0.000
	特征值贡献率/%	77.08	17.44	3.44	1.16	0.61	0.22	0.05
2016	GDVI	0.788	0.076	-0.369	0.184	-0.338	0.266	-0.132
	Wet	0.200	0.057	0.758	-0.036	-0.516	-0.282	-0.187
	LST	-0.199	0.364	-0.277	-0.746	-0.435	0.070	0.010
	NDBSI	-0.328	-0.199	-0.439	0.354	-0.434	-0.516	-0.283
	DI	-0.288	-0.027	0.104	0.072	-0.006	0.574	-0.756
	MSI	-0.308	-0.099	0.093	0.335	-0.484	0.494	0.544
	PET	-0.114	0.899	0.012	0.406	0.087	-0.075	-0.006
	特征值	0.205	0.059	0.010	0.004	0.002	0.001	0.000
	特征值贡献率/%	73.21	21.12	3.41	1.27	0.63	0.25	0.11
2021	GDVI	0.770	-0.112	0.475	0.040	0.390	0.085	0.090
	Wet	0.221	-0.062	-0.725	0.184	0.502	-0.366	-0.052
	LST	-0.228	-0.289	0.219	0.902	0.017	-0.048	0.006
	NDBSI	-0.365	0.171	0.446	-0.188	0.407	-0.658	-0.073
	DI	-0.262	0.062	-0.048	-0.034	0.344	0.257	0.860
	MSI	-0.286	0.086	0.017	-0.025	0.555	0.598	-0.494
	PET	-0.148	-0.927	0.003	-0.337	0.063	-0.019	-0.012
	特征值	0.211	0.054	0.008	0.003	0.002	0.000	0.000
	特征值贡献率/%	75.97	19.58	2.71	0.92	0.66	0.12	0.04

Tab. 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

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卫星名称	条带号/行编号	影像时间（年-月-日）	卫星名称	条带号/行编号	影像时间（年-月-日）
Landsat 5	143/31	1994-08-24	Landsat 8	143/31	2016-09-21
Landsat 5	143/31	1994-09-09	Landsat 8	144/31	2016-07-10
Landsat 5	143/31	1994-09-25	Landsat 8	144/31	2016-07-26
Landsat 7	143/31	2000-07-31	Landsat 8	144/31	2016-09-12
Landsat 7	143/31	2000-09-17	Landsat 8	144/31	2016-09-28
Landsat 5	143/31	2006-07-24	Landsat 8	143/31	2021-07-01
Landsat 5	143/31	2006-09-10	Landsat 8	143/31	2021-08-02
Landsat 5	143/31	2006-09-26	Landsat 8	143/31	2021-08-18
Landsat 5	143/31	2011-07-06	Landsat 8	143/31	2021-09-03
Landsat 5	143/31	2011-08-07	Landsat 8	143/31	2021-09-19
Landsat 5	143/31	2011-08-23	Landsat 8	144/31	2021-07-24
Landsat 5	143/31	2011-09-24	Landsat 8	144/31	2021-08-09
Landsat 8	143/31	2016-08-04	Landsat 8	144/31	2021-09-26
Landsat 8	143/31	2016-09-05

MRSEI等级	1994年	2000年	2006年	2011年	2016年	2021年
差[0.0, 0.2）	4276.11	4373.37	3862.09	3811.24	3954.11	3983.68
较差[0.2, 0.4）	1437.78	1191.07	1361.89	1031.88	1078.67	1031.23
一般[0.4, 0.6）	759.67	747.74	728.89	631.70	668.02	699.64
良[0.6, 0.8）	510.54	834.52	488.17	535.29	604.01	796.57
优[0.8, 1.0]	389.43	226.83	932.49	1363.42	1068.72	862.41

Ecological environment quality evaluation and driving factors of Korla region based on remote sensing

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