祁连山土壤水分时空变化特征及主要驱动因素分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.664

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil moisture is crucial for vegetation growth and terrestrial ecosystems, particularly for ecosystem services provided by mountain forests in arid and semiarid regions. This study investigates the temporal dynamics and spatial differentiation of soil moisture in the Qilian Mountains, northwest China from 2017 to 2021. The analysis uses remote sensing soil moisture data and employs trend and correlation analysis, along with a geographical detector. In addition, the study examines the effects of mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), slope, slope direction, and elevation on the temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture. The results revealed the following. (1) Soil moisture variability in the Qilian Mountains from 2017 to 2021 was relatively stable, with a trend slope of 0.000018, although interannual variability was significant, reflected by a coefficient of variation of 0.183. (2) During the growing season (May to October), soil moisture exhibited significant spatial variability (0.068-0.214), with an overall trend indicating higher moisture levels in the east and lower levels in the west, which are attributed to the effects of the East Asian monsoon. (3) Correlation analysis and the geographical detector revealed that precipitation and NDVI were the primary drivers of soil moisture’s spatial and temporal variations, with explanatory power (q) values of 0.761 and 0.722, respectively, both exceeding 70%. By contrast, the effects of topographical factors were minimal, with q values of less than 0.1. Environmental factors substantially affected the spatial distribution of soil moisture in the Qilian Mountains, exhibiting interaction effects that suggest two-factor enhancement and nonlinear relationships. The findings of this study provide a scientific basis for developing ecological protection policies and measures for the Qilian Mountains to promote environmental protection in the region.

Key words: spatial-temporal variation, soil moisture, geographical detector, Qilian Mountains

ZHAO Jianwen, LI Jinlin, WANG Shengjie. Characteristics of spatial and temporal variation of soil moisture and analysis of main driving factors in the Qilian Mountains[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(8): 1480-1491.

Figures/Tables 8

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指标	土壤水分	年均气温	年均降水量	NDVI	海拔	坡度	坡向
土壤水分	-
年均气温	0.154^**	-
年降水量	0.871^**	-0.027^**	-
NDVI	0.859^**	0.309^**	0.700^**	-
海拔	-0.248^**	-0.923^**	-0.036^**	-0.398^**	-
坡度	0.124^**	-0.238^**	0.187^**	0.122^**	0.174^**	-
坡向	-0.083^**	0.039^**	-0.089^**	-0.081^**	0.005^**	-0.051^**	-

Characteristics of spatial and temporal variation of soil moisture and analysis of main driving factors in the Qilian Mountains

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