2003—2022年昆仑山北坡典型湖泊水位变化及其归因

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.177

Abstract

Abstract:

Changes in water level serve as crucial indicators of dynamic variations in lake systems, significantly impacting lake ecological environments and water resource management. This study employs data from ICESat-1, CryoSat-2, EnviSat, and ICESat-2 multi-source altimetry satellites to analyze water levels of Aksai Chin Lake, Ayagkumu Lake, Aqqikkol Lake, Jingyu Lake, Changhong Lake, and Surigh Yilganing Kol Lake on the northern slope of Kunlun Mountains. It also incorporates data on lake watershed areas, temperature, precipitation, and land use from 2003 to 2022. Quantitative analyses of lake water level changes were conducted using trend analysis, Mann-Kendall test, Pearson correlation, and other methods to explore the influencing mechanisms of these changes. The findings are as follows: (1) The accuracy of water levels derived from multiple altimetry satellites was validated against the water level dataset, showing consistent trends and passing the significance F test in all correlation analyses. (2) Over the past 20 years, water levels of the lakes, except for Surigh Yilganing Kol Lake, have shown a significant upward trend, with Changhong Lake exhibiting the highest rate of increase at 0.71 m·a^-1, while Aksai Chin Lake has the lowest rate of increase at 0.29 m·a^-1. (3) Climatic factors differ significantly across lake catchment areas, with temperatures showing a consistent rising trend and precipitation varying across regions. A positive correlation exists between water levels and precipitation for Aqqikkol Lake, Ayagkumu Lake, and Jingyu Lake, while water levels of typical lakes show a positive correlation with temperature, except for Surigh Yilganing Kol Lake. This study leverages data from multiple altimetry satellites to analyze lake water level changes, aiming to elucidate the hydrological variations of lakes on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains. The findings provide a scientific basis for the management of lake ecological environments.

Key words: satellite altimetry, lake water level, temperature, precipitation, land use, northern slope of Kunlun Mountains

LIU Yuting, CHEN Yaning, ZHU Chenggang, ZHANG Shuhua, HUANG Xinyao. Water level changes and attribution of typical lakes on the northern slope of Kunlun Mountains from 2003 to 2022[J].Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(11): 1805-1815.

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References 31

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搭载卫星	高度计	使用年份	波段	重复周期/d	足迹/km
EnviSat	RA-2	2002—2012	Ku、S	35	1.7
ICESat-1	GLAS	2003—2009	激光	183	0.07
CryoSat-2	SIRAL	2010—2022	Ku	369，30	1.6
ICESat-2	ATLAS	2018—2022	激光	91	0.017

湖泊	平均气温/℃	年降水量/mm	气温变化/℃·(10a)^-1	年降水量变化/mm·(10a)^-1
阿牙克库木湖	-3.816±0.532	306.173±51.012	0.172（0.140）	1.249（0.167）
鲸鱼湖	-8.765±0.573	417.392±34.337	0.263（0.065）	0.224（0.082）
阿其克库勒湖	-8.479±0.683	454.508±50.439	0.330^*（0.081）	10.980（0.111）
长虹湖	-8.528±0.572	389.031±36.497	0.267（0.067）	-6.682（0.094）
阿克赛钦湖	-9.924±0.643	282.526±36.000	0.337^*（0.065）	-6.515（0.127）
萨利吉勒干南库勒湖	-10.457±0.757	292.577±43.186	0.355^**（0.072）	-5.880（0.148）

湖泊	降水	气温
阿克赛钦湖	-0.02	0.15
阿其克库勒湖	0.19	0.24
阿牙克库木湖	0.08	0.11
长虹湖	-0.20	0.05
鲸鱼湖	0.15	0.10
萨利吉勒干南库勒湖	-0.43	-0.16

湖泊	湖泊面积/km²	湖泊水位/m	集水区冰川面积/km²
阿克赛钦湖	235.20	4852.08	3091.23
阿牙克库木湖	912.01	3882.34	1.47
阿其克库勒湖	500.07	4259.16	233.99
鲸鱼湖	323.41	4718.56	938.83
长虹湖	51.82	4912.55	717.67
萨利吉勒干南库勒湖	68.63	5193.33	196.16

Water level changes and attribution of typical lakes on the northern slope of Kunlun Mountains from 2003 to 2022

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