Abstract: The research was conducted under the background of the national strategy of the Belt and Road and the research objects were 86 administrative units of county-level or above in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Based on the National Geomatics Center of China,data of the transportation of Xinjiang was extracted and updated. Indexes like the density,the proximity,and the accessibility of the transportation network were employed to construct the spatial mathematical model to evaluate the advantage of regional transportation. Then the features and the causes of the spatial pattern of the element were presented after the analysis. Besides,principal component analysis was adopted to have a quantitative analysis on the regional economic disparity and the spatial distribution based on the Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook of 2015 and 12 main economic indexes in the aspects of economic aggregation and industrial structure,popularity and urbanization,and living standards. Moreover,a research was also conducted on the advantage of transportation,the economic development and the spatial distribution of northern, middle,and southern passages in Xinjiang included in the Silk Road Economic Belt. The results indicate as follows:(1)the superiority degree of transportation in Xinjiang is polarized with less than 33.48% towns or cities having superior transportation;there is a center-periphery pattern that Urumqi is the center and the superiority degree of transportation decreases from the center to the north and the south;(2)the regional economic pattern of Xinjiang shows a disparity between the east and the west;the east area is better than the west area in general and the provincial capital Urumqi City and its neighbor areas in the east have significant superiority;(3)though the spatial distribution of the transportation and the economic development in Xinjiang is not consistent,they are closely related to each other;(4)there is a trend of polarization of the relationship between the superiority degree of transportation of northern,middle,and southern passages and the economic developments;the economic development is restricted by the location and the geographic condition;the consistency between the superiority degree of regional transportation and the economic development is not significant,and the regional transportation provides a limited support in this aspect. The results of the paper could provide some references for the study of the superiority degree of transportation of within Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the analysis of the consistency between the superiority degree of regional transportation in northern,middle and southern passages and the economic development. Three suggestions were made on how the strategy of the Belt and Road can be more efficient for the economic development through the construction of transportation infrastructure in Xinjiang. First, the transportation infrastructure had better to be conducted connectively in northern,middle and southern areas. Second,the planning and development of urbanization should have priorities and focuses. Third,the upgrade of economic in the whole region requires a coordinated planning and cross-regional cooperation.

Key words: superiority degree of transportation, regional economic development, spatial distribution, Xinjiang