Abstract: This paper analyzes the change of the archeological cultural features, the environmental evolution, and theirrelations in the Xiliao River Watershed and in the riparian area of Dalainor L. ake since the Neolithic Age. The results show that the regional features of the archeological culture experienced three abrupt changes since the Ne-olithic Age, i. e., the change from the agricultural culture to the nomadic or the semi-agricultural with semi-no-madic culture in 3 000 a BP, the change from the animal husbandry culture to the agricultural culture in 1 100 a BP, and the change from the agricultural culture to the animal husbanary cuture n l asu lu tirn. and can he re. that these changes were closely related to the climatic changse and the environmental evolution, and can be revealed by differences of the properties and functions of the historical remains in the soil layers. The clinaticchanges and the environmental evolution were clearly recorded by the two layers of the black paleosol developed during the period of 8 000~3 000 a BP and around 1 000 a BP and by the sand deposits between the two pale-osol layers and overlying on the latter paleosol respectively. These accorded with the raising and falling of thewater level of Dalainor and Dashuinor lakes. The facts prove incontrovertibly that human's living and the civi-lization development are closely interdependent with environment. The study on the paleaonvironment helips usto get the regular knowledge of human's fragmentary rernains in the strata, and the human's remains provide usthe powerful evidences and the important contents for the study on the paleoenvironment.

Key words: ecotone of agriculure and animal husbandry, abrupt change of cultural feature, climatic change, North China