Abstract: From the Qianlong reign of the Qing dy nasty, urban places of Xinjiang have entered a reconstruction courseand gradually grown up top three city systems, namely, eight towns centered in Kashi City, nine towns in YiliCity, as well as Dihua City (now the Urumqi city) ets, which comprised the basic frame of mordern city systemin Xinjiang.
In mordern times. the barycenter of Xinjiang 's towns have been experienced a dynamic migration. first fromSouth Xinjiang to North Xinjiang, second from Kashi toYiLi. then shifted from YiLi in the west to Urumqi inthe east, which continued up to now. T'he composition of tow ns of Xinjiang is shaped chiefly by many factors:topography, relief military, regional economy and water resources. The city shapes have experienced a develop-ment course :small Iump→streak→large lump. At the same time, those towns varied for its own location. which acts as a vital role in forming rectangle and irregular shape of tne lown neie ns nef Xiniiona. thye noliticalcharacterized by the coexistence of the Han nationality and Manchu. In some places of Xinjiang, the political center separates from administrative axis.
Divided by TianShan mountains the composition of the towns are integrated into south and north parts. Circling the brim of 'Tarim Basin, the urban places in south part mainly aggregalted in the west part anda benrethain Kashi; while the urban places in north part surrounded the brink of Junggar basin and concentrated along the north foot of Tianshan mountains. T'he function of the urban place is compJle) r ntsNidod with manv other fune-their military and political purposes in early period. but later they were gradually provIced wint m any oluera l andtions such as economy, industry (handicraft industry→traditional industry mordern imaustry), cuna anucommerce ets.

Key words: modern Xinjiang, Urban places, Formation, distribution