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干旱区地理 ›› 2016, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 1070-1077.

• 气候与水文 • 上一篇    下一篇

库尔勒一次强对流大暴雨天气特征分析

赵战成   

  1. 新疆巴州气象局, 新疆 库尔勒 841000
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-23 修回日期:2016-06-20 出版日期:2016-09-25
  • 作者简介:赵战成(1979-),男,河南民权县,工程师,从事短期预报和气候预测工作.Email:67362758@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006012)

Characteristics of a strong onvective weather and heavy rainstorm in Korla City,Xinjiang

ZHAO Zhan-cheng   

  1. Bazhou Meteorological Bureau of Xinjiang, Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2016-04-23 Revised:2016-06-20 Online:2016-09-25

摘要: 利用高空、地面观测资料及NCEP和T639资料,对2012年6月4日发生在库尔勒的罕见暴雨进行综合诊断分析,并总结了暴雨过程的中尺度云团及雷达回波特征。发现强降水出现时段集中、雨强大、危害性强,中亚低槽进入南疆盆地并在后部中层冷空气不断侵入,三股气流在库尔勒附近发生绕流辐合,高空急流产生抽气作用,加上山前迎风坡的地形抬升,产生局地强烈上升运动,成为此次强降水的主要原因。同时此次天气雷达回波图上具有明显地“人”字形雷达回波特征;沿“人”字形的一撇一捺中有多个中小尺度对流云团存在,并有短时的气旋式辐合体在中低层发展维持。垂直螺旋度中心的变化对天气系统的演变有好地指示性,其中心位置对强降水落区有很好的指示意义。

关键词: 暴雨, ", 人", 字形雷达回波, 垂直螺旋度, 水汽

Abstract: Using the data of the high and the ground observation and the reanalysis data of NCEP and T639,this paper comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of weather,the conditions of water vapor,the dynamic conditions and the unstable conditions of the rare heavy rain process of Korla City,Xinjiang,China on June 4th,2012, and the characteristics of the radar echo and the mesoscale cloud of the heavy rain process. Results show that in most southern Xinjiang area,T-Td was lower than 4℃ before precipitation,and the area was covered by high humidity,which was resulted from the indirectly transported vapor from Bay of Bengal;the index K was greater than 25 in Korla,providing favorable conditions for the convective weather; Central Asia low slotted into the South Xinjiang Basin and cold air intruded in the middle of its back,these three air flows converged around Korla, and produced strong local upward movement with the extraction effect of high altitude jet stream,and the air lifting effect of the windward side of mountain,which was the main original reason of the heavy rain. The intensity of weather radar echo(PPI) on the drawing had obviously "T" shape glyph radar echo; along the line of "T", there were many medium and small scale convective clouds in glyph echo,and had a short cyclonic convergence keep fit in the low-level development;rainstorm center appeared on the edge of satellite cloud,and the change of the intensity was consistent with the strength of the precipitation. The center of the vertical spiral degree had a good indication to the evolution of the weather system and the area of heavy rain fall.

Key words: rainstorm, "T", shaped radar echo, vertical spiral, water vapor

中图分类号: 

  • P458.1+21