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干旱区地理 ›› 2000, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4): 344-349.doi: 10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.2000.04.010

• • 上一篇    下一篇

中国绿洲分区及其基本类型

王亚俊1, 焦黎2   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2.新疆师范大学地理系, 乌鲁木齐 830053
  • 收稿日期:2000-02-08 修回日期:2000-09-09 发布日期:2025-12-31
  • 基金资助:
    G1999043502课题和中国科学院新疆分院院长基金(2000年)的资助

OASIS DIVISIONS AND BASIC TYPES IN CHINA

WANG Ya-jun1, JIAO Li2   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Seiences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    2. Geography Department of Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830053, China
  • Received:2000-02-08 Revised:2000-09-09 Online:2025-12-31

摘要: 根据我国绿洲分布区域地理环境的差异性, 地理位置和地势, 大气环流与气候以及绿洲演变和人类活动影响, 将我国绿洲划分为三大区:东部河套平原绿洲区, 西北干旱内陆绿洲区和柴达木高原绿洲区。首先, 在学习、综合分析前人对绿洲的基础上, 对绿洲赋予新的定义:干旱荒漠中有稳定水源, 植物繁茂, 生物活跃, 具有一定的空间规模, 且明显高出周边环境的高效生态地理景观区。最后, 依据绿洲发生的水、土基本因素, 将我国绿洲分为四大基本类型, 即沿河两岸阶地型绿洲、扇形地型绿洲、冲积平原型绿洲和三角洲型绿洲。

关键词: 中国, 绿洲区, 基本类型

Abstract: This paper is a part of the achievements of the book named"Documentary Catalogue Index of Oasis Re-search in China". Based on the study and synthetical analysis on the predecessors'achievements in oasis re-search, the new definitions of oases are given in the paper:Oases are the efficient ecological-geographical land-scape areas outstanding from their vicinities in the arid deserts, they have the stable water sources, luxuriantplants, vital living things, and certain spatial scale. The oasis systems and their main features are analyzed. Afterdiscussing the distribution of oases in the world, the oases in China are regionalized into three main areas, i. e., the Hetao Plain oasis area in east China, the arid continental oasis area in northwest China, and Qaidam Plateauoasis area, based on the differences of the regional geographical environment of oasis distribution in China, geo-graphical location, terrain, atmospheric circulation, climate, evolution of oases, and impact of human activities. Fi-nally, the oases in China are classified into four basic types, i. e., the terrace-typed oases along the rivers, fan-typed oases alluvial-plain oases, and delta oases, according to the basic factors of water, soils, etc. in the oases.

Key words: oasis area, basic type, efficient ecological-geographical landscape

中图分类号: 

  • F129