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干旱区地理 ›› 1990, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 62-67.doi: 10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.1990.04.010

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艾比湖退缩及其对环境的影响

袁国映   

  1. 新疆环境保护研究所
  • 出版日期:1990-12-25 发布日期:2025-12-25

A DECLINING AIBI LAKE AND ITS EFFECT ON ENVIRONMENT

Yuan Guoyin   

  1. Xinjiang Institute of Environmental protection
  • Published:1990-12-25 Online:2025-12-25

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摘要： 艾比湖自2.5万年以来湖面从3000km2缩减为本世纪初的1310km2, 到本世纪50年代至80年代初, 湖面由1200km2迅速缩减为522km2, 平均每年退缩21.2km2, 是2.5万年以来退缩速度的300倍.解放以来平均每开垦1万亩土地, 湖面约退缩2.25km2, 其主要原因是人类活动所致, 垦荒造田引水灌溉导致退缩的因素占85%以上;森林植被破坏引起入湖水量减少的因索不到10%;而大气环流周期性变化引起干旱的波动因素占2-5%。由于艾比湖所处的地理位置, 它的存在和退缩对生态环境意义重大, 应采取强有力措施加以保护。

关键词: 艾比湖退缩, 环境影响, 人类活动

Abstract: From 250 thousands year ago to 1900's, the water surface of AiBi Lake decreased from 300 km2 to 1310 km2 , decreasing averagely 0.07 km2 ／y. During 1950's－1980's, the Lake areas decreased rapidly from 1200 km2 to 522 km2, averagely deereasing 21.2 km2/y, which is 300 times decreasing speed than that during 250 thousands years ago. Since 1949, the Lake areas has been decreased 2.25 km2 averagely when one mu wasteldround was openedup. The main factars of decreasing Lake area is opening up wasteland and irrigating by Lake water (85%) ；forest and plant to be destroied (10%) ；The drought fluctuation of atmospheric circulational periodic changing (2%-5%).
The declining of AiBi Lake has Cased a intense effect on ecologic environment in this region . So a affective protect measure to AiBi Lake should be performed.