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干旱区地理 ›› 2026, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6): 1157-1167.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.308 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2025308

• 植被与土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆伊犁河谷植被覆盖度时空变化特征及驱动力分析

伍蕊1,2(), 孙慧兰1,2(), 叶茂1,2, 金晓亮1,2, 周玫玲1,2, 杨涵1,2, 吴芳1,2   

  1. 1 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
    2 新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-29 修回日期:2025-07-02 出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-06-29
  • 通讯作者: 孙慧兰（1982-），女，博士，高级实验师，主要从事自然资源开发与规划研究. E-mail: huilsunxjnu@sina.com
  • 作者简介:伍蕊（1999-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事自然资源开发与规划研究. E-mail: 107622023210570@stu.xjnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    第三次新疆综合科学考察专题(2021xjkk0406);新疆师范大学青年拔尖人才项目(XJNUQB2023-11);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2024A03006-4)

Analysis on the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and driving forces of fractional vegetation coverage in the Ili River Valley, Xinjiang

WU Rui1,2(), SUN Huilan1,2(), YE Mao1,2, JIN Xiaoliang1,2, ZHOU Meiling1,2, YANG Han1,2, WU Fang1,2   

  1. 1 School of Geographic Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China
    2 Xinjiang Arid Area Lake Environment and Resources Laboratory, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2025-05-29 Revised:2025-07-02 Published:2026-06-25 Online:2026-06-29

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摘要：

新疆伊犁河谷作为我国干旱半干旱地区重要的生态屏障区，揭示其植被覆盖度（Fractional vegetation coverage，FVC）时空变化特征与驱动机制对于新疆伊犁河谷地区生态植被修复具有重要意义。利用遥感数据，采用像元二分模型、Sen+Mann-Kendall趋势检验、重心迁移、地理探测器等方法，系统分析了2001—2021年新疆伊犁河谷FVC时空演变特征及驱动力。结果表明：（1） 近21 a来，伊犁河谷植被整体呈缓慢恢复趋势，增长率为1.53×10-3·a-1，中高等级FVC和高等级FVC面积增长较为明显。（2） 伊犁河谷FVC空间上总体呈“东高西低”的分布格局，低等级FVC、中低等级FVC和中等级FVC具有向西迁移的趋势，而中高等级FVC和高等级FVC具有向东迁移的趋势。伊犁河谷大部分地区FVC呈退化趋势，仅少部分地区呈恢复趋势。（3） 伊犁河谷FVC的时空变化受自然因素与人类活动共同影响，高程、植被类型和地貌类型是决定伊犁河谷FVC空间分布格局的关键因子，气温与蒸散发在FVC的时空变化中起主导作用。任意两因子之间的交互作用均强于其单独作用，FVC时空变化受气温与蒸散发交互作用的影响最为强烈。研究结果可为伊犁河谷生态保护和恢复提供科学依据。

关键词: 植被覆盖度, 时空变化, 驱动分析, 伊犁河谷

Abstract:

The Ili River Valley is a critical ecological barrier in the arid and semi-arid regions of my country. Accordingly, understanding the spatiotemporal variations and driving mechanisms of fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) is vital for ecological restoration in this important valley in Xinjiang. This study uses remote sensing data and employs various analytical methods, including the binary cell model, Sen-Mann-Kendall trend test, center of gravity migration, and geodetector, to systematically examine the spatial and temporal evolution of vegetation in the Ili River Valley from 2001 to 2021. The findings reveal that (1) Over the past 21 years, vegetation in the Ili River Valley has shown a slow recovery trend, with a growth rate of 1.53×10−3·a−1; notably, significant increases in areas with medium to high FVC have been observed. (2) The spatial distribution of FVC in the Ili River Valley exhibits a pattern of “high in the east and low in the west”, with low-level, medium-level, and medium-level FVC showing a westward migration, whereas medium-level and high-level FVC migrate eastward. FVC in most areas of the Ili River Valley shows a degradation trend, whereas only a few areas show a recovery trend. (3) The spatiotemporal changes in FVC in the Ili River Valley are influenced by both natural factors and human activities. Key determinants of the spatial distribution of vegetation in the Ili River Valley include elevation, vegetation type, and landform type. Temperature and evaporation are pivotal in driving the changes in FVC over time and space. The interactions between any two factors are more significant than their individual effects, with the strongest influence observed in the interaction between temperature and evapotranspiration. This study provides a scientific foundation for ecological protection and restoration initiatives in the Ili River Valley.

Key words: fractional vegetation coverage, spatiotemporal variations, driver analysis, Ili River Valley