不同防护措施对梭梭幼苗生长和土壤水分的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在策勒绿洲-荒漠过渡带流动沙地对种植的梭梭幼苗采取了不同的处理措施（凋落物防护、固沙剂防护、防沙网防护和裸沙地，其中裸沙地作为对照），研究不同防护措施对梭梭幼苗生长状况及地表100 cm内土壤含水率的影响，对恢复和重建绿洲-荒漠过渡带防护林体系具有重要意义。研究结果表明：（1）初春采用滴灌一次性供水135 L·m^-2，可以确保梭梭幼苗当年的生长需求。（2）不同防护措施下梭梭幼苗的株高、冠幅、基径、新枝长度均表现为：凋落物防护 > 固沙剂防护 > 防沙网防护 > 裸沙地，在生长末期凋落物防护下梭梭的株高、冠幅、基径、新枝长度分别达到115.7 cm、131.8 dm²、22.5 mm、73 cm。（3）不同防护措施对土壤含水率的影响比较明显，土壤含水率表现为：凋落物防护 > 固沙剂防护 > 防沙网防护 > 裸沙地，其中凋落物防护、固沙剂防护土壤含水率分别是裸沙地的1.31倍和1.16倍。因此，在极端干旱的绿洲-荒漠交错带，采用凋落物防护和固沙剂防护措施对提高沙地蓄水保墒能力和促进梭梭幼苗生长均有积极作用。

关键词: 梭梭, 土壤水分, 防护措施, 绿洲-荒漠过渡带

Abstract: To study the effect of different protection treatments on the growth of Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings and soil moisture dynamics from the ground to 100 cm below the surface at the oasis-desert ecotone in Cele County, Xinjiang Province,China,we took a variety of measures, including popular leaf litter coverage, usage of sand solidification agent, usage of sand prevention net, and the bare sandy land. The results were captured as follows:(1)The amount of irrigation about 135 L·m^-2 at one time in early spring could ensure the annual growth of Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings.(2)The plant height, crown breadth, stem diameter, new shoot length of Haloxylon ammodendron all displayed the same descending order according to the protection treatment as follows:the leaf litter coverage > usage of sand solidification agent > usage of sand protection net > bare sand land.The plant height, crown breadth, stem diameter, new shoot length of Haloxylon ammodendron reached 115.7 cm, 131.8 dm², 22.5 mm and 73 cm respectively at the end of its growth stage with leaf litter coverage.(3)The soil moisture content from the ground to 100 cm below the surface was obviously affected by different protection measures. Within three months after cessation of irrigation, compared with the bare sand land, the soil layers with the leaf litter coverage and the sand solidification agent had better soil moisture content, their average moisture contents were 1.31 times and 1.16 times of that in the bare sand land, respectively. Therefore, it had positive effect on improving water holding capacity and promoting the growth of Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings with leaf litter coverage and sand solidification agent at the extreme arid oasis-desert ecotone, which is important to restore and reconstruct the shelterbelt networks in the oasis-desert transition zone.

Key words: Haloxylon ammodendron, sandy soil moisture, protection treatment, oasis-desert ecotone

中图分类号:

S152.7

刘璐, 蒋进, 宋春武. 不同防护措施对梭梭幼苗生长和土壤水分的影响[J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(3): 564-571.

LIU Lu, JIANG Jin, SONG Chun-wu. Effect of different protection treatment on Haloxylon ammodendron growth and soil moisture[J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(3): 564-571.

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