石羊河下游人工梭梭林土壤呼吸变化特征及其与水热因子的关系

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.03.13

干旱区地理 ›› 2019, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 570-580.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.03.13

石羊河下游人工梭梭林土壤呼吸变化特征及其与水热因子的关系

王新友^1,2，马全林³，靳虎甲³，樊宝丽³，张进虎³，林慧龙¹

（1 草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/农业部草牧业创新重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院/中国草业发展战略研究中心，甘肃兰州 730020； 2 甘肃广播电视大学，甘肃兰州 730030; 3甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室培育基地，甘肃省治沙研究所，甘肃兰州730070）

收稿日期:2018-12-02 修回日期:2019-03-11 出版日期:2019-05-25 发布日期:2019-05-21
通讯作者: 马全林（1974－），男，博士后，研究员，主要从事荒漠生态学研究. E-mail：mql925@126.com
作者简介:王新友（1981－），男，博士研究生，副教授，主要从事荒漠生态学、草业经济与社会发展研究. E-mail：254950602@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（31660232）；甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目（145RJIA335）

Soil respiration variation characteristics and its relationship withhydrothermic factor of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest in lower reaches of Shiyang River

WANG Xinyou^1,2, MA Quanlin³, JIN Hujia³, FAN Baoli³, ZHANG Jinhu³, LIN Huilong¹

(1 State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystems;Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry,Ministry of Education;College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China; 2 Gansu Radio & TV University,Lanzhou 730030,Gansu,China; 3 State Key Laboratory of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

Received:2018-12-02 Revised:2019-03-11 Online:2019-05-25 Published:2019-05-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤呼吸不仅是反映土壤生物活性的重要指标，也是全球碳循环研究中备受关注的热点问题。在地处典型干旱区的石羊河下游，以流动沙丘和去除土壤结皮人工梭梭林为对照，采用LI-8100土壤碳通量监测系统研究了栽植约40 a、30 a、10 a和5 a的人工梭梭林生长季和非生长季的土壤呼吸日变化，并分析了土壤水分和温度对土壤呼吸的影响。结果表明：（1）不同林龄梭梭林生长季和非生长季土壤呼吸速率的日变化均为明显的单峰曲线，且呈现出一定的波动性，日最大排放速率出现在12:00～14:00时，最小值出现在8:00时左右。（2）梭梭林营造和去结皮处理显著提高了沙漠土壤呼吸速率，而且不同林龄土壤呼吸速率大体上随着种植年限的增加而递增，表现为MC >40 a>30 a>10 a>MS >5 a，非生长季表现为MC >40 a>10 a>5 a>30 a>MS。（3）不同林龄梭梭林土壤呼吸速率均具有明显的季节变化特征，生长季（8 月）的土壤呼吸作用明显强于非生长季（1月）。（4）相关性分析表明，生长季和非生长季土壤呼吸均与0～5 cm土壤水分显著相关，且均呈二次曲线关系，分别为Y =-0.205 8X ²+0.946 5X-0.316 6（R ² =0.506 ²，P= 0.041 7）和Y= 0.118 7 X ²+0.156 3X+0.118 8（R ²=0.675 7，P =0.001 1）；但与10 cm土壤温度的相关性不显著，土壤水分是影响人工梭梭林土壤呼吸的关键因素。该研究进一步证明了人工梭梭林的营造有效改善了沙漠土壤的生物活性，提高了土壤碳通量水平，以土壤结皮破坏为基本特征的人工梭梭林退化和沙漠化必然在短期内加剧碳排放。因此，需要在沙漠地区合理营造人工林，并在造林和林业管理过程中注意保护土壤结皮，以减少CO²排放。

关键词: 人工梭梭林, 土壤呼吸, 石羊河下游, 日变化

Abstract: Soil respiration is not only one of important indexes of soil biological activity but also a hot issue in the studies of global carbon cycle.In order to reveal the characters of the soil respiration of an artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest at its different life stages (40 a, 30 a,10 a and 5 a) in the lower reaches of Shiyang River,Gansu Province,China which is located in the typical arid region,the LI-8 100 automated soil CO2 flux system was used to investigate the daily change of the soil respiration of the forest in both growing and nongrowing seasons,with the mobile sand dunes and the artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest after soil crust removal as the control samples.The influence of soil moisture and temperature on its respiration was also evaluated.The four results were found as follows: (1) Diurnal changes in the soil respiration rate of the artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest at different life stages in both growing and nongrowing seasons were showing an obvious singlepeak curves with certain volatility.The maximum rate appeared from 12:00 PM to 14:00 PM while the minimum around 8:00 AM.(2) Planting Haloxylon ammodendron forest and breaking soil crusts significantly improved the respiration rate of the desert soil and the respiration rates of the forest in different life stages generally were progressively increased with the planting age,following a descent order as MC= >40 a>30 a>10 a>MS >5 a in the growing season and MC>40 a>10 a>5a>30 a>MS in the nongrowing season respectively. (3) There are obvious seasonal variations in the soil respiration rate of the artificial TBX]Haloxylon ammodendron forest at different life stages.The value of the rate in the growing season (August) is much higher than that in the nongrowing season (January). (4) The correlation analysis showed that the soil respiration rate (Y ) of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest was significantly correlated with the soil water content (X ) at the depth from 0 to 5cm in both growing and nongrowing seasons.Their relationships were described by the following square curve regression equations: Y=-0.205 8X²+0.946 5X-0.316 6 (R²=0.506 2,P=0.041 7) for the growing season and Y=0.118 7X²+0.156 3X+0.118 8 (R²=0.675 7,P =0.001 1） in the nongrowing season,respectively.However,there were no significant correlations between soil respiration rate and soil temperature at 10 cm depth.Thus,the soil water content is the critical factor for soil respiration of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest.The findings further proved the importance of planting Haloxylon ammodendron forest to promote the biological activity and carbon flux in the desert soil.Nevertheless,degradation of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest and land desertification reflected by the destructed soil crusts will inevitably increase carbon emission in the short run.Therefore,artificial afforestation in desert areas and soil crust protection in this process as well as effective forest administration should be adopted to reduce CO² emissions.

Key words: artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest, soil respiration, lower reaches of Shiyang River, diurnal variation

王新友, 马全林, 靳虎甲, 樊宝丽, 张进虎, 林慧龙. 石羊河下游人工梭梭林土壤呼吸变化特征及其与水热因子的关系[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(3): 570-580.

WANG Xinyou MA Quanlin, JIN Hujia, FAN Baoli, ZHANG Jinhu, LIN Huilong.

Soil respiration variation characteristics and its relationship withhydrothermic factor of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest in lower reaches of Shiyang River [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(3): 570-580.

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石羊河下游人工梭梭林土壤呼吸变化特征及其与水热因子的关系

Soil respiration variation characteristics and its relationship withhydrothermic factor of artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest in lower reaches of Shiyang River

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