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干旱区地理 ›› 2015, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 703-712.

• 气候与水文 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木河流域TRMM降水数据精度评估

沈彬1,2, 李新功1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-11 修回日期:2015-04-02 出版日期:2015-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 李新功,男,研究员.Email:lixi@ku.edu
  • 作者简介:沈彬(1989-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐,硕士研究生,自然地理学专业.Email:345817950@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    中科院百人基金(Y071121001)

Accuracy assessment of TRMM3B43 data in Tarim River Basin

SHEN Bin1,2, LI Xin-gong1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science(CAS), Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2015-01-11 Revised:2015-04-02 Online:2015-07-25

摘要: 利用塔里木河流域24个气象站降水数据,分析了2000-2013年TRMM多卫星降水数据(TRMM 3B43 v7)在塔里木河流域的适用性。检验结果表明:全年来看,TRMM数据对研究区所有站点的年均降水量拟合较好(R2=0.8846),流域内24个站点平均年降水量相对偏差为19.02%,其中60%的站点表现为TRMM年降水量高于地面实测年降水量;月降水方面,除个别站点(于田、且末、乌恰)较差外,大部分站点的拟合度都较好;就季节而言:春季拟合效果最好,夏、秋季的TRMM数据存在低估问题,而冬季则偏高估;流域降水量由东南向西北递增,并在西北部边缘地区增加较显著,形成一个相对丰水带;而向沙漠腹地方向延伸的降水量则呈减少趋势。同时流域最大降水区域在一年中变化存在一定的规律。

关键词: TRMM3B43降水数据, 塔里木河流域, 精度评估, 时空变化

Abstract: Tarim River basin, a typical arid area in northwestern China, faces serious water shortage that has badly restricted local ecological balance and socio-economic development. Since precipitation is the main source of surface water and the beginning of water cycle, to learn the spatial-temporal distribution of precipitation is rather important for further water usage. However, the precipitation gauge stations are dramatically sparse in this basin due to economic imperative, high elevation, complex topography and severe climate, especially in mountains and desert of the basin, making the precise estimation of spatial-temporal precipitation distribution in this region a difficult problem. However, there is great potential to carry out hydrological prediction in ungauged basins by using satellite estimate precipitation data. As a precipitation radar satellite, TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)has collected plentiful fine spatial-temporal precipitation data, which means to use the TRMM precipitation data to study hydrological and climatic characteristics in the Tarim River basin is feasible. But it is necessary to check the accuracy of TRMM data before using it. In this study, TRMM Multi-Satellite Precipitation Analysis(TMPA)3B43 product is evaluated by using the gauge precipitations from 24 weather stations(2000-2013)in Tarim River basin. Results show as follows:(1)compared with the 24 rain gauges, TRMM3B43 data displayed good accuracy in the whole study area at annual time scale. The average Bias is 19.02% and about 60% of TRMM precipitation is higher than that from weather stations.(2)Most sites have a goodness of fit at monthly time scale except a few sites(Yutian, Qiemo and Wuqia). The goodness of fit between TMPA precipitation and observed precipitation is better in spring. In summer and autumn, the TRMM precipitation data is underestimated, and in winter, it is overvalued.(3)Precipitation in Tarim River basin shows a gradual increasing trend from southeast to northwest, and especially dominant on the edge of the northwest, forming a relatively abundant water belt. When stretching towards the desert hinterland area, precipitation shows a decreasing trend.(4)Changes of the maximum precipitation position in the region have certain regularity in a year:every winter, it moves from west to north in the basin, and stays in the northern basin in summer. When autumn comes, it moves back to northwest. On a whole, the TRMM 3B43 data can express the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in the basin. And the larger time scale is, the more accurate TRMM data will show, for part of the error will be offset. That is why TRMM data of a river basin has the highest precision in annul precipitation, while relatively lower in quarterly precipitation and lowest in monthly precipitation. The Tarim River lies between Tianshan mountains and Kunlun mountains, and located in the mid-latitude westerlies control area of northern hemisphere, so changes of the basin rainfall distribution and the maximum precipitation area are influenced by the terrain and seasonal water vapor sources.

Key words: TRMM3B43 Data, Tarim River basin, accuracy assessment, spatio-temporal variation

中图分类号: 

  • P426.61