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干旱区地理 ›› 2013, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 922-929.

• 生态与环境演变 • 上一篇    下一篇

祁连山林草复合流域灌木林水文生态功能研究

张平1,刘贤德2,张学龙2,赵维俊2,敬文茂2,王顺利2   

  1. 1    甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃    兰州    730070;    2    甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院, 甘肃    张掖    734000
  • 收稿日期:2012-12-17 修回日期:2013-02-11 出版日期:2013-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘贤德,教授. Email:Liuxiade@163.com
  • 作者简介:张平(1963-),男,甘肃敦煌人,硕士,甘肃农业大学在读博士,主要从事农林牧生态研究
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(91125012)资助

Shrubbery eco-hydrological effect of forest-grass catchment of Qilian Mountains

ZHANG  Ping1,LIU Xian-de1,2,ZHANG  Xue-long2,ZHAO  Wei-jun2,JING  Wen-mao2,WANG  Shun-li2   

  1. 1    College  of  Foresty, Gansu  Agriculture  University, Lanzhou  730070, Gansu, China;2   Academy  of  Water  Resources  Conservation  Forests  in  Qilian  Mountains  of  Gansu  Province, Zhangye  734000, Gansu, China
  • Received:2012-12-17 Revised:2013-02-11 Online:2013-09-25

摘要: 对祁连山林草复合流域5种主要灌木林的水文生态功能进行了研究。结果表明:(1)5种灌木林林冠平均截留率的大小范围为6.98%~22.45%;(2)5种灌木枯落物的最大持水率均为自身重量的1.6~4.0倍,枯落物最大持水量和有效持水量分别为23.83~134.95 t/hm2和17.25~83.62 t/hm2;(3)土壤的最大持水量及有效持水量都随土壤深度的增加而不断下降,与土壤的总孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度的变化规律相一致;土壤的最大持水量和有效持水量分别为3 090.96~4 460.82 t/hm2和680.68~1 328.82 t/hm2;(4)各灌木林地土壤表层的稳渗率变化范围为8.88~141.67 mm/min,前30 min累计入渗量的变化幅度为338.25~4 718.34 mm;(5)5种灌木林地总蓄水量大小经综合评价依次为:吉拉柳灌丛>鲜黄小檗灌丛>箭叶锦鸡儿灌丛>金露梅灌丛>甘青锦鸡儿灌丛。

关键词: 祁连山, 复合流域, 灌木林, 水文生态功能

Abstract: From the ecological roles of the canopy layer,litter layer and soil layer,the paper probed into the eco-hydrological effects of five kinds’ main shrubbery in the forest grass catchment of the Qilian Mountains. The results show as follows:(1)during rainy season,the average interception rates are as follows:Berberis dasystachya 22.46%,Salix gilasnanica 20.48%,Caragana jubata 16.76%,Potentilla fruticosa 10.42%,Caragana tangutica 6.96%.
(2)The maximum water holding rates of five kinds shrubbery’s litter are 1.6~4.0 times of five kinds shrubbery litter’s theirs weights;their maximum water holding amounts and maximum available water holding amounts are 23.83~134.95 t·hm-2 and 17.25~83.62 t·hm-2. (3)The soil maximum and available water holding amounts decrease with the increase in soil depth,they are 2 354.50~3 409.00 t·hm-2 and 518.5~1015.50 t·hm-2,respectively. (4) The mantle steady infiltration rates of various shrubbery land soils variate in the range of 7.88~96.01 mm·min-1,the maximum belongs to [Salix gilasnanica] of 96.01 mm·min-1,then belonging to Caragana jubataBerberis dasystachyaBerberis dasystachya and Caragana tangutica. (5)The capability of five kinds shrubbery’s water conservation is ranged according to their magnitudes as follows:Salix gilasnanica>Berberis dasystachya>Caragana jubata>Potentilla fruticosa>Caragana tangutica. Among them,[Salix gilasnanica] and Berberis dasystachya’s capabilities are near or more than that of [Picea crassofolia,]which indicates that the shrubbery forest has stronger eco-hydrological function.

Key words: the Qilian Moutains, complex watershed, shrubbery forest, eco-hydrology

中图分类号: 

  • S715.7