景电灌区移民对祁连山植被恢复的相对生态价值

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2020.01.21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近些年来，生态系统的服务价值研究已成为生态学以及生态经济学领域中的一个热点问题。祁连山被称为伸进西北干旱区的一座湿岛，在我国“一带一路”建设中占有重要地位。景电灌区兴建以来从祁连山移出了大量农牧民。那么，景电灌区移民对祁连山植被恢复的生态价值如何呢？以景电灌区移民涉及到的祁连山东端景泰、古浪、天祝3县山区为研究区，用价值工程方法对从祁连山区向景电灌区移民退耕退牧还林还草的生态价值做了分析，并与模型因子当量法的计算结果进行了比较。结果表明：祁连山向景电灌区移民退耕退牧还林还草总的生态价值为37.458 1×10⁸元。其中，退耕还林还草的生态价值为37.438 6×0⁸元，退牧后草场植被盖度增加的生态价值为194.79×104元。计算结果为用COSTANZA和谢高地模型因子当量法计算得的祁连山向景电灌区移民退耕退牧还林还草总的生态服务价值40.054 0×0⁸元的93.52%。两种方法计算结果祁连山向景电灌区移民退耕退牧还林还草总的生态价值为景电工程年总成本1.45×0⁸元的25.8~27.6倍。两种计算结果一致表明，景电灌区生态移民对祁连山植被恢复的生态价值十分突出。由此也可以看出，COSTANZA和谢高地模型因子当量法适用于祁连山的生态服务价值分析。

关键词: 祁连山, 景电灌区, 退耕退牧, 还林还草, 相对生态价值

Abstract:

In recent years, the study of service value of an ecosystem has become a hot issue in the field of ecology and ecological economics. As a wet island in the northwest arid area in China, Qilian Mountains has an important strategic position in “The Belt and Road” Initiative. Since the construction of Jingdian Irrigation Area, a large number of farmers and herdsmen have been migrated from the Qilian Mountains to the Jingdian Irrigation Area. Taking three counties, Jingtai, Gulang, and Tianzhu of Gansu Province, China, which locate in the mountainous area at the east end of Qilian Mountains as the research area,this paper analyzed the ecological value in returning farmland to forests and animal breeding grounds to pastures after the immigration from the Qilian Mountains to the Jingdian Irrigation Area using the value engineering method. The ecological value is 37.458 1×10⁸ Yuan among which the ecological value is 37.438 6×10⁸ Yuan in returning farmland to forest and grass, and 194.79 ×10⁴ Yuan of grassland vegetation after exiting grazing. This calculation result accounted for 93.52% of 40.054 0×10⁸ Yuan of the total value of ecosystem services which is obtained using Costanza and Xie Gaodi methods. The ecological values were respectively 25.8 and 27.6 times of 1.45×10⁸ Yuan which is the total annual cost of the Jingdian migration project. Two approximate calculation results showed that the ecological value of the migration is very prominent. It could also be seen that the model factors of Costanza and Xie Gaodi are suitable for the analysis of the ecological service value in Qilian Mountains.

Key words: Qilian Mountains, Jingdian Irrigation Area, exit land and grazing, return of forest and grass, relative ecological value

赵建林, 康德奎, 彭维恩, 王建礼, 史中兴, 陈天顺, 董志洋, 汪杰, 常兆丰. 景电灌区移民对祁连山植被恢复的相对生态价值[J]. 干旱区地理, 2020, 43(1): 182-189.

ZHAO Jian-lin, KANG De-kui, PENG Wei-en, WANG Jian-li, SHI Zhong-xing, CHEN Tian-shun, DONG Zhi-yang, WANG Jie, CHANG Zhao-feng. Relative ecological value of vegetation restoration after migrating people from Qilian Mountains to Jingdian Irrigation Area[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(1): 182-189.

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