祁连山, 青海云杉林, 土壤肥力, 主成分分析," /> 祁连山, 青海云杉林, 土壤肥力, 主成分分析,"/> Qilian Mountains, Picea crassifolia, soil fertility, principal component analysis,"/> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:10.5pt;">祁连山中段青海云杉林土壤肥力质量评价研究</span>
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干旱区地理 ›› 2019, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 1368-1377.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.06.16

• 生物与土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

祁连山中段青海云杉林土壤肥力质量评价研究

马剑1,2，刘贤德1,2，李广1，赵维俊2，王顺利2，敬文茂2，王荣新2，赵永宏3   

  1. 1甘肃农业大学林学院，甘肃 兰州 730070；2甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院甘肃省森林生态与冻土水文水资源重点实验室，甘肃 张掖 734000；3三峡大学水利与环境学院，湖北 宜昌 443002
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-11 修回日期:2019-06-19 出版日期:2019-11-15 发布日期:2019-11-18
  • 作者简介:马剑（1986-），男，工程师，博士研究生，主要从事森林土壤生态研究. E-mail: majian0127@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省自然科学基金重大项目（18JR4RA002）；甘肃省自然科学基金项目（17JR5RG351）；甘肃省林业科技计划项目（2018kj014，2018kj016）

Evaluation on soil fertility quality of Picea crassifolia forest in middle Qilian Mountains

MA Jian1,2,LIU Xian-de1,2,LI Guang1,ZHAO Wei-jun2,WANG Shun-li2,JING Wen-mao2, WANG Rong-xin2,ZHAO Yong-hong3   

  1. 1 College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China; 2 Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forests in Qilian Mountains of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Resources of Forest Ecology and Frozen Soil of Gansu Province, Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China; 3 College of Water Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002,Hubei,China
  • Received:2019-03-11 Revised:2019-06-19 Online:2019-11-15 Published:2019-11-18
  • Contact: 刘贤德（1963-），男，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事森林生态研究

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摘要：

以祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉林为研究对象，研究了海拔梯度上土壤肥力因子的分布特征及变化规律，并运用主成分分析法对青海云杉林土壤肥力状况进行了评价。结果表明：（1）研究区土壤呈碱性，pH值均大于8.0；高海拔地区（3 300 m）含水量达到过饱和状态，各土层含水量均大于100%；随海拔升高，全氮含量呈增大趋势，全钾含量呈减小趋势，而全磷含量呈先减小后增大趋势；不同海拔梯度速效磷含量差异不显著（P>0.05），海拔3 300 m处速效钾含量显著高于其他海拔段（P<0.05）。（2） 不同海拔梯度下土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、速效磷和速效钾含量都有明显的“表聚效应”，其中3 300 m处0~10 cm土层有机质含量高达325.93 g·kg-1，是本海拔段其他土层的1.6~1.8倍，是同土层其他海拔段的1.3~2.0倍。（3） 土壤肥力因子间关系密切，土壤含水量与有机质、全氮呈极显著正相关关系，与土壤容重、pH和全钾呈极显著负相关关系，土壤养分含量之间存在不同程度的显著正相关关系。（4） 不同海拔梯度土壤肥力质量为：3 300 m>3 200 m>3 100 m>3 000 m>2 900 m。

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Abstract:

This paper selected Picea crassifolia forest which lived in Pailugou Catchment of Qilian Mountains, northwest China as an object, studied the distribution characteristics and variations of soil fertility factors at different altitudes, and evaluated the soil fertility status of Picea crassifolia forest by principal component analysis. The results showed as follows: (1) The soil in the study area was alkaline, and the pH value was more than 8.0.The water content of the high altitude area (3 300 m) reached to the supersaturated status, and the water content of each soil layer was more than 100%.With altitude increased, the total nitrogen content gradually increased, the total potassium content gradually decreased, and the total phosphorus content decreased first and then increased. The content of available phosphorus at different altitudes had no obviously difference (P>0.05),and the content of available potassium in 3 300 m was significantly higher than that in other altitudes (P <0.05). (2) The soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus and available potassium in different altitudes had obvious “surface accumulation effect”,the organic matter content in 0-10 cm soil layer at 3 300 m was 325.93 g·kg-1,which was 1.6-1.8 times higher than that of other soil layers in this altitude, and 1.3-2.0 times higher than other altitude of the same soil layer. (3) Soil fertility factors were closely related, among which soil water content was positively correlated with organic matter and total nitrogen content, negatively correlated with soil bulk density, pH value and total potassium content, and there was a significant positive correlation between soil nutrient content in different degrees. (4) The soil fertility quality rank of different altitudes was 3 300 m>3 200 m>3 100 m>3 000 m>2 900 m.

Key words: Times New Roman", ,serif, font-size:10.5pt, Qilian Mountains')">">Qilian Mountains, Picea crassifolia, soil fertility, principal component analysis