中国西部省会城市新型城镇化发展水平演化研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.224

干旱区地理 ›› 2023, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 636-648.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.224

中国西部省会城市新型城镇化发展水平演化研究

邹亚锋^1,²(),张倩²(),饶钰飞¹,邓敏³,王淇⁴

1.福州大学环境与安全工程学院，福建福州 350158
2.内蒙古大学公共管理学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010021
3.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101
4.北京师范大学地理科学学部，北京 100875

收稿日期:2022-05-16 修回日期:2022-08-15 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-04-28
通讯作者: 张倩（1996-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事国土空间规划与土地可持续利用等方面的研究. E-mail: zngqnw15@163.com
作者简介:邹亚锋（1984-），男，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，主要从事国土空间规划与土地可持续利用等方面的研究. E-mail: zouyafeng2003@sina.com
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020MS04016);福州大学人才引进项目(XRC-22026);教育部人文社科一般项目青年基金(21YJC840028)

Evolution of new urbanization of provincial capitals in western China

ZOU Yafeng^1,²(),ZHANG Qian²(),RAO Yufei¹,DEND Min³,WANG Qi⁴

1. College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350158, Fujian, China
2. College of Public Administration, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
4. Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2022-05-16 Revised:2022-08-15 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新型城镇化是以城乡统筹、城乡一体、产业互动、节约集约、生态宜居、和谐发展为基本特征的城镇化，主要表现在人口、经济、土地、社会和生态等方面。为揭示中国西部省会城市新型城镇化发展水平，从人口城镇化、经济城镇化、土地城镇化、社会城镇化、生态城镇化5个方面构建中国西部省会城市新型城镇化综合测评指标体系，利用熵值法和加权求和法计算各市2005—2019年新型城镇化综合得分、各因素层得分，并结合Q型聚类分析法及偏相关分析法对中国西部省会城市新型城镇化的综合水平、单项水平以及单项水平相关性进行分析。结果表明：（1）各市15 a间新型城镇化发展水平各异，区内及区际差异大。（2）各市人才吸引力较弱，经济及社会发展不均衡，城市建设力度大，生态文明建设有待提升。（3）仅经济-生态实现了协调发展，且土地城镇化快于人口城镇化。研究结果为中国西部地区新型城镇化发展提供决策支持。

关键词: 新型城镇化, 熵值法, 质量评价, 中国西部省会城市

Abstract:

New urbanization includes the basic characteristics of urban-rural coordination, urban-rural integration, industrial interaction, conservation and intensiveness, ecological livability, and harmonious development. It is mainly manifested in terms of population, economy, land, society, and ecology. This study constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system from five factors, i.e., population urbanization, economic urbanization, land urbanization, social urbanization, and ecological civilization, to reveal the quality of new urbanization in provincial capitals of western China and determine its development trend. For this, the comprehensive scores of new urbanization of provincial capitals in western China and the scores of each factor layer in each city from 2005 to 2019 were calculated by means of entropy and weighted summation method. The Q-type cluster analysis method and partial correlation analysis method were used to calculate the comprehensive level, single item level, and single item level correlation of new urbanization in provincial capitals of western China. The analyses revealed the following results: (1) New urbanization in different cities has different and unstable development levels, and the construction of new urbanization is still in the exploratory stage. The development imbalance within and among the three regions is prominent; the cities’ comprehensive scores of new urbanization in the northwest region are far behind the southwest region and the middle reaches of the Yellow River. (2) Provincial capitals of western China have a weak attraction for talents. The economic level and social development show great differences, indicating that the quality of life of the residents needs to be improved. (3) Economy and ecology have achieved coordinated development; however, other single urbanization factors exhibit imbalances. Cities should use land more economically and intensively since land urbanization is faster than population urbanization. Based on the above conclusions, related recommendations are also presented. The findings of this study can contribute to the development of new urbanization in western China.

Key words: new urbanization, entropy method, quality evaluation, provincial capitals of western China

邹亚锋, 张倩, 饶钰飞, 邓敏, 王淇. 中国西部省会城市新型城镇化发展水平演化研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(4): 636-648.

ZOU Yafeng, ZHANG Qian, RAO Yufei, DEND Min, WANG Qi. Evolution of new urbanization of provincial capitals in western China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(4): 636-648.

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目标层	因素层	因子层	单位	指标属性
新型城镇化综合测评体系	人口城镇化	常住人口城镇化率	%	+
		非农从业人员比重	%	+
		每万人高等学校在校生	人·(10⁴人)^-1	+
	经济城镇化	人均GDP	USD	+
		人均固定资产投资额	元·人^-1	+
		第三产业产值比重	%	+
		GDP增长率	%	+
		人均货物进出口总额	USD	+
		城镇居民人均可支配收入	元·人^-1	+
		城镇居民人均消费水平	元·人^-1	+
	土地城镇化	地均固定资产投资额	元·m^-2	+
		人均城市道路面积	人·m^-2	+
		人均建成区面积	人·m^-2	-
		人均公共绿地面积	人·m^-2	+
		城镇居民人均住房面积	人·m^-2	+
	社会城镇化	城镇居民登记失业率	%	-
		人均财政支出	USD	+
		城镇居民养老保险参加人数	10⁴人	+
		城镇居民医疗保险参加人数	10⁴人	+
		互联网宽带接入用户数	10⁴人	+
		每万人拥有公交车辆	辆	+
		每万人拥有医疗床位数	张	+
		每百人公共图书馆藏书	册	+
		城乡居民人均可支配收入之比		+
		城乡居民人均消费水平之比		+
	生态城镇化	生活垃圾无害化处理率	%	+
		生活污水处理率	%	+
		城市空气质量优良率	%	+

变量	S-W检验	相关系数	人口	经济	土地	社会	生态
人口	0.769	零阶（Pearson）相关系数	1.0000	-0.1548	-0.2833	-0.2767	-0.3362
人口	0.769	三阶偏相关系数	1.0000	0.1725	-0.3937	-0.0153	-0.3600
经济	0.994	零阶（Pearson）相关系数	-0.1548	1.0000	-0.3276	0.5940	0.8242^*
经济	0.994	三阶偏相关系数	0.1725	1.0000	-0.0955	0.0245	0.7132
土地	0.535	零阶（Pearson）相关系数	-0.2833	-0.3276	1.0000	-0.1423	-0.2765
土地	0.535	三阶偏相关系数	-0.3937	-0.0955	1.0000	0.0872	-0.1866
社会	0.182	零阶（Pearson）相关系数	-0.2767	0.5940	-0.1423	1.0000	0.7039
社会	0.182	三阶偏相关系数	-0.0153	0.0245	0.0872	1.0000	0.4398
生态	0.670	零阶（Pearson）相关系数	-0.3362	0.8242^*	-0.2765	0.7039	1.0000
生态	0.670	三阶偏相关系数	-0.3600	0.7132	-0.1866	0.4398	1.0000

中国西部省会城市新型城镇化发展水平演化研究

Evolution of new urbanization of provincial capitals in western China

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