1981—2018 年庆阳市气候舒适度特征分析及评价

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2020.05.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了对庆阳市气候资源特征进行分析和评价，指导当地城乡规划建设及旅游业的发展，利用庆阳市 1981—2018 年 8 个气象观测站逐日气温、降水、风速、相对湿度、日照时数等资料，计算当地气候舒适度的 4 种参数，分析庆阳市气候舒适度时空变化特征，结果表明：庆阳市春季、秋季偏冷，夏无酷暑，温暖舒适，冬季寒冷，较不舒适；温湿指数、风效指数、穿衣指数年际变化特征显示，四季气候均有向暖发展的趋势，春季和夏季变化趋势极显著，秋季和冬季变化显著性较弱；综合指数年际波动大，夏季气候趋于不舒适，其余季节均趋于舒适；气候舒适期年内分布特征显示，5～9 月为全市气候舒适期，适合开展旅游活动；5 月和 9 月舒适度空间分布的总体特征是西部高，东部低， 6～8 月均为东南部高，西部、北部低；舒适度月变化总体特征为，5 月＞6 月＞9 月＞8 月＞7 月。

关键词: 气候舒适度, GIS, 空间分析, 评价, 庆阳市

Abstract: This studyanalyzes and evaluates the characteristics of climatic resources in Qingyang to improve guid? ance for the development of local urban and rural planning and tourism. Based on daily air temperature, precipita? tion, relative humidity, wind speed, and sunshine time from eight meteorological stations in Qingyang from 1981 to 2018, four parameters of climate comfortwere calculated and spatiotemporal variation characteristics of climate com? fort in Qingyang were analyzed. The analysis results showed that the spring and autumn were cold, the summer was warm and comfortable, and the winter was cold and uncomfortable in Qingyang. The interannual variation character? istics of the temperature-humidity index(THI), wind chill index(K), and the dressing index(ICL) showed that the cli? mate in all seasons showed a warm trend, with substantialchangesin spring and summer and weaker changes in au? tumn and winter. The interannual fluctuation of the composite index was large, with summer climate tending to be less comfortable and the rest of the yearbeing more comfortable. The monthly distribution of the climate comfort pe? riod showed that climate in Qingyang was comfortable from May to September, making itsuitable for tourism activities. The overall spatial distribution of comfort had high values in the west but low in the east in May and September, where? as it was high in the southeast and low in the west and north from June to August. The overall characteristics of month? ly comfort changes, from most to least comfortable were in the order: May, June, September, August, and July.

Key words: climate comfort, GIS, spatial analysis, evaluation, Qingyang City

张可心. 1981—2018 年庆阳市气候舒适度特征分析及评价[J]. 干旱区地理, 2020, 43(5): 1270-1277.

Zhang Ke-xin. Analysis and evaluation of climate comfort characteristics in Qingyang from 1981 to 2018[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(5): 1270-1277.

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