黄土丘陵区露天煤矿复垦生态系统先锋树种水分利用效率

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.801

Abstract

Abstract:

Plant water-use efficiency (WUE), which measures the balance between carbon assimilation and water transpiration, serves as a vital indicator of how plants adapt to environmental constraints. This study investigated the dynamics of leaf WUE in pioneer tree species within a reclaimed ecosystem at the Pingshuo open-pit coal mine of Shanxi Province, a representative site in the loess hilly region of China. We focused on three dominant pioneer species: Pinus tabuliformis, Ulmus pumila, and Robinia pseudoacacia, across a chronosequence of reclamation ages (5, 15, 20, and 28 years). The study involved determining leaf carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations, C/N ratios, and long-term WUE as inferred from stable carbon isotope composition (δ¹³C). We also analyzed the relationship between leaf C/N stoichiometry and WUE. The results revealed the following. (1) Leaf C and N concentrations in R. pseudoacacia and U. pumila generally increased with reclamation age, whereas P. tabuliformis peaked in C and N levels at 15 and 20 years, respectively. P. tabuliformis had a significantly higher leaf C concentration and C/N ratio compared to U. pumila (P<0.05) but a lower N concentration compared to the other two tree species (P<0.05). R. pseudoacacia maintained the highest leaf N concentration among the species (P<0.05). (2) Intra-specific WUE varied significantly (P<0.05) with reclamation age: P. tabuliformis had the highest WUE at five years and the lowest at 28 years; U. pumila peaked at 28 years and was at its minimum at five years; R. pseudoacacia reached its maximum WUE at 15 years and minimum at five years. Inter-specifically, P. tabuliformis consistently exhibited higher WUE than both U. pumila and R. pseudoacacia. (3) Across all three species, leaf WUE showed significant positive correlations with leaf C concentration and C/N ratio, whereas its correlation with leaf N concentration was insignificant. These findings elucidate the species-specific WUE characteristics and adaptive physiological adjustments of pioneer trees during vegetation succession in the Pingshuo reclaimed mine area, offering a theoretical foundation for vegetation restoration efforts in open-pit coal mines within the loess hilly region.

Key words: Pingshuo open-pit coalmine, water use efficiency, stable isotope technology, nutrient content

WANG Shuang, YUAN Ye, YUAN Yuan, LI Qian, ZHAO Jiayu, YANG Rongxin, YANG Yuqing. Water use efficiency of pioneer tree species in reclamation ecosystem of open-pit coal mine in loess hilly region[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(7): 1176-1184.

Figures/Tables 4

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Tab. 1

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References 32

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林型	复垦年限	δ¹³C/‰	WUE/μmol∙mol^-1
油松	5 a	-25.99±0.42a	107.78±4.5a
	15 a	-26.76±1.09ab	99.55±11.73ab
	20 a	-27.03±0.10ab	96.64±1.04ab
	28 a	-27.79±0.85b	88.49±9.07b
	均值	-26.89±0.90A	98.12±9.67A
榆树	5 a	-29.52±1.33b	69.96±14.32b
	15 a	-29.09±1.24ab	74.59±13.36ab
	20 a	-27.74±0.63ab	89.01±6.78ab
	28 a	-26.89±1.05a	98.16±11.24a
	均值	-28.31±1.4B	82.93±15.23B
刺槐	5 a	-28.72±0.13a	71.94±1.88b
	15 a	-28.56±0.48a	80.26±5.14a
	20 a	-28.87±0.33ab	78.55±1.34a
	28 a	-29.33±0.23b	76.90±3.6ab
	均值	-28.87±0.31B	76.91±2.01C

Water use efficiency of pioneer tree species in reclamation ecosystem of open-pit coal mine in loess hilly region

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