基于GRACE数据的黄河流域地下水储量变化与人口暴露研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.083

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, the contradiction between humans and water resources in the Yellow River Basin,China has become increasingly prominent, particularly the excessive consumption of groundwater has become one of the main contradictions restricting the harmonious development of humans and nature in this region. Based on GRACE satellite data and GLDAS data, the change in groundwater storage of the Yellow River Basin was calculated from 2003 to 2016, then its temporal and spatial characteristics were explored, and population exposure in areas with significant groundwater decline was identified. The results show the following: (1) In terms of spatial distribution, the groundwater storage of the Yellow River Basin are more in the west and less in the east, the degree of decline from the west to east continues to intensify, and the decline area shows a spreading trend from the lower reaches to the middle and upper reaches. (2) The groundwater storage showed a downward trend in the Yellow River Basin from 2003 to 2016, with an average annual decrease of 5.93 mm·a⁻¹. It is a continuous decline from 2004 to 2016, and the biggest drop occurs in 2015—2016. In addition, there is a seasonal effect on the time change of groundwater storage, groundwater storage declines the most in spring, the second most in winter, the third most in autumn, and the least in summer. (3) Based on the risk of groundwater exposure, the characteristics of population density of prefecture-level cities are high in the east, low in the west, and have a staggered distribution in the middle, and there are 16 prefecture-level cities with the highest population density at risk of exposure. The cumulative percentage of the population with groundwater storage decline exhibited a clear upward trend, reaching a maximum in 2016. The results provide scientific reference for sustainable utilization of groundwater resources in the Yellow River Basin.

Key words: GRACE, groundwater storage change, spatial-temporal characteristics, population exposure risk, Yellow River Basin

DENG Chun, JIANG Xiaohui, SUN Weifeng. Groundwater storage and population exposure in the Yellow River Basin based on GRACE data[J].Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(6): 1836-1846.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Grading standard for changes in groundwater storage"

地下水储量等级	剧烈减少	较剧烈减少	减少	稳定	增加
分级标准	< $x - - 1.5 s$	$x - - 1.5 s ~ x - - 0.5 s$	$x - - 0.5 s ~ x - + 0.5 s$	$x - + 0.5 s ~ x - + 1.5 s$	> $x -$ +1.5s
年均变化率/mm·a^-1	<-58.38	-58.38~-34.54	-34.54~-10.70	-10.70~13.14	> $13.14$

Tab. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Tab. 2

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

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变化类型	弱显著减少	显著减少	极显著减少	弱显著增加	显著增加	极显著增加	无显著变化
面积/10⁴km²	15.65	2.36	50.62	3.13	0.00043	6.13	1.69
百分比/%	19.66	2.96	63.60	3.94	0.00050	7.70	2.13

Groundwater storage and population exposure in the Yellow River Basin based on GRACE data

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