煤炭开采对陕北三大煤田水资源影响的定量研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.571

Abstract

Abstract:

High-intensity coal mining accounts for exacerbated water-resource depletion and ecological vulnerability in arid and semi-arid regions. Therefore, investigating coal-mining-induced surface water and groundwater depletions is pivotal to sustainable water-resource utilization. To address this, static, dynamic, and depletion methods are employed to quantitatively identify water resources depleted by coal mining in 2022 in mining sites within the Jurassic, Carboniferous-Permian, and Triassic coalfields in northern Shaanxi, China. The results reveal the following: (1) Different coalfields exhibit significantly varying hydrogeological characteristics, with the aquifer thickness and coalfield type influencing the variations in the goaf area, water supply degree, and groundwater-damage modulus. (2) Coal mining already accounts for the depletion of 5782.761×10⁵ m³ of static groundwater reserves, specifically facilitating the depletion of 2171.952×10⁵ m³ dynamic reserves in 2022 (mainly in the Salawusu formation aquifer and burned-rock area of the Jurassic coalfield). (3) The total water influx of the mine was 2507.800×10⁵ m³ in 2022, and coal mining triggered the depletions of 486.889×10⁵ m³ and 335.848×10⁵ m³ surface water and groundwater, respectively, with coal mining exerting regional-type impacts on water resources. Overall, these results reveal the quantitative impact of coal mining on water resources, offering a scientific basis for the synergistic management of water-resource protection and development in arid areas.

Key words: coal mining, water resources, static reserve, dynamic reserve, northern Shaanxi

YANG Anle, JIANG Xiaohui, CHEN Xingchi, ZHANG Lin, XU Fangbing. Quantitative research on the impact of coal mining on water resources of the three main coalfields in northern Shaanxi[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(9): 1521-1530.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 35

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煤田	水文地质	含水层厚度/m	静储量采空区面积/10⁵ m²	动储量采空区面积/10⁵ m²
侏罗纪	萨拉乌苏组	0~20	6374.965	4388.119
		20~40	1725.858	1214.618
		40~60	247.806	247.806
	烧变岩	-	4090.030	3878.325
石炭-二叠纪	-	-	442.684	326.526
三叠纪	-	-	932.143	515.428

煤田	水文地质类型	区县	单位涌水量/L·s^-1·m^-1	给水度
侏罗纪	萨拉乌苏组	府谷县、神木市、榆阳区、横山区	1.000	0.021
侏罗纪	烧变岩	神木市	1.739	0.036
石炭-二叠纪	第四系松散孔隙潜水	府谷县	0.057	0.001
三叠纪	第四系松散岩类孔隙及裂隙潜水	子洲县、宝塔区、富县、黄陵县、子长市	0.186	0.004

煤田	水文地质	含水层厚度/m	采空区面积/10⁵ m²	总排水量/m³·h^-1	破坏模数 /10^-5 m³·h^-1·m^-2
侏罗纪	萨拉乌苏组	0~20	4388.119	7851.580	1.789
		20~40	1214.618	7921.544	6.522
		40~60	247.806	1451.027	5.855
	烧变岩	-	3878.325	11056.219	2.851
石炭-二叠纪	-	-	326.526	51.864	0.159
三叠纪	-	-	515.428	295.631	0.574

煤田	水文地质	含水层厚度/m	采空区面积/10⁵ m²	含水层厚度/m	单位涌水量/ L·s^-1·m^-1	给水度	静储量/10⁵ m³
侏罗纪	萨拉乌苏组	0~20	6374.965	10.000	1.000	0.021	1338.743
		20~40	1725.858	30.000	1.000	0.021	1087.291
		40~60	247.806	50.000	1.000	0.021	260.196
	烧变岩	-	4090.030	20.000	1.739	0.036	2944.822
石炭-二叠纪	-	-	442.684	47.910	0.057	0.001	21.209
三叠纪	-	-	932.143	35.000	0.186	0.004	130.500

煤田	水文地质	含水层厚度/m	采空区面积/10⁵ m²	塌陷区面积/10⁵ m²	总排水量 /m³·h^-1	破坏模数 /10^-5 m³·h^-1·m^-2	动储量 /m³·h^-1	动储量 /10⁵ m³
侏罗纪	萨拉乌苏组	0~20	4388.119	3660.146	7851.580	1.789	6548.001	573.605
		20~40	1214.618	946.467	7921.544	6.522	6172.858	540.742
		40~60	247.806	231.069	1451.027	5.855	1352.909	118.515
	烧变岩	-	3878.325	3647.071	11056.219	2.851	10397.799	910.847
石炭-二叠纪	-	-	326.526	289.586	51.864	0.159	46.044	4.033
三叠纪	-	-	515.428	481.488	295.631	0.574	276.374	24.210

Quantitative research on the impact of coal mining on water resources of the three main coalfields in northern Shaanxi

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煤田	水文地质	含水层厚度/m	涌水量 /10⁵ m³	使用量 /10⁵ m³	矿排量 /10⁵ m³	入渗量 /10⁵ m³	地表水损耗 /10⁵ m³	地下水损耗 /10⁵ m³
侏罗纪	萨拉乌苏组	0~20	687.798	308.668	379.130	573.605	194.475	114.193
		20~40	693.927	204.557	489.370	540.742	51.372	153.185
		40~60	127.110	44.400	82.710	118.515	35.805	8.595
	烧变岩	-	968.525	240.972	727.553	910.847	183.294	57.678
石炭-二叠纪	-	-	4.543	3.603	0.940	4.033	3.093	0.510
三叠纪	-	-	25.897	20.537	5.360	24.210	18.850	1.687
总计	-	-	2507.800	822.737	1685.063	2171.952	486.889	335.848