新型城镇化与和美乡村耦合协调发展水平测度、地区差异及动态演进

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.788

Abstract

Abstract:

To promote urban-rural integration in China in the new era, it is necessary to explore the coordinated development of new urbanization in a harmonious villages. Using panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2022, we construct a comprehensive index for the levels of new urbanization and harmonious villages and analyze their level of coordinated development, regional differences, and dynamic evolution by employing the coupled coordination degree model, Dagum’s Gini coefficient, Kernel density estimation, and Markov chains. The results show that: (1) The level of new urbanization and harmonious villages shows a growing trend. (2) The coupling between new urbanization and harmonious villages is low and mostly in the stage of near-disorder, and the level of coordination generally decreases from east to west. (3) The differences within the eastern region are the largest, and the inter-regional differences are the main source of the gaps in the levels of coupling of new urbanization and harmonious villages. (4) The absolute differences between regions are decreasing, with a certain gradient effect. (5) There is a tendency for the coupling of new urbanization and harmonious villages to increase, with spatial spillover effects. In the future, we should give full play to the dual promotion of new urbanization and harmonious villages, stimulate local internal energy in accordance with conditions, build a regional learning and exchange platform, and enhance the coordinated development of new urbanization and harmonious villages.

Key words: new urbanization, harmonious villages, degree of coupling coordination, regional disparity, dynamic evolution

LI Jin, PU Juan, LI Mingliang, ZHAO Lanlan, YU Guoxin. Measurement, regional differences and dynamic evolution of the coupled coordinated development level of new urbanization and harmonious villages[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(12): 2220-2231.

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References 22

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目标层	分层项	具体指标层	计算方法	指标性质
新型城镇化	人口城镇化	城镇人口占比/%	城镇人口/总人口	正
		非农从业人口占比/%	二、三产业从业人员/总就业人员	正
		城镇人口密度/人·km^-2	城镇人口数/建成区面积	正
	经济城镇化	人均GDP/元	GDP/总人口	正
		人均可支配收入/元	人均可支配收入	正
		第二、三产业产值占比/%	二、三产业产值/地区生产总值	正
	社会城镇化	城镇失业率/%	城镇失业人口/总从业人口	负
		城镇教育水平/a	平均年限法计算得来	正
		城镇医疗水平/张	城市每千人口医疗卫生机构床位	正
	土地城镇化	人均城市建设用地面积/km²·人^-1	城市建设用地面积/城镇人口数	正
		建成区经济密度/10⁴元·km^-2	二、三产业产值/建成区面积	正
		人均拥有道路面积/km²·人^-1	城市道路面积/城镇总人口	正
	绿色城镇化	人均公园绿地面积/km²·人^-1	公园绿地面积/城镇总人口	正
		生活垃圾无害化处理率/%	无害化生活垃圾处理量/生活垃圾总量	正
		污水处理厂集中处理率/%	达标城市生活污水排量/总排量	正

目标层	分层项	具体指标层	计算方法	指标性质
和美乡村	基础设施建设	供水普及率/%	供水普及率	正
		村人均用电量/kWh·人^-1	农村用电量/乡村人口	正
		村均道路长度/km·村^-1	村庄道路长度/行政村数	正
		燃气普及率/%	燃气普及率	正
		村均宽带接入户数/户·村^-1	村宽带接入用户数/行政村数	正
		单位面积农机投入/kW·hm^-2	农业机械总动力/农作物播种面积	正
		有效灌溉率/%	有效灌溉面积/农作物播种面积	正
	村庄规划建设	人均生产建筑面积/km²·人^-1	生产建筑面积/乡村人口	正
		人均住宅建筑面积/km²·人^-1	住宅建筑面积/乡村人口	正
		人均公共建筑面积/km²·人^-1	公共建筑面积/乡村人口	正
	人居环境整治	单位面积农药使用量/kg·hm^-2	农药施用量/农作物播种面积	负
		单位面积化肥使用量/kg·hm^-2	化肥施用量/农作物播种面积	负
		单位面积农膜使用量/kg·hm^-2	农膜使用量/农作物播种面积	负
		每千人口乡镇公厕数/座·(10³人)^-1	乡镇公厕数/乡村人口	正
		村均园林绿化投入/元·村^-1	园林绿化投入/行政村数	正
		村均垃圾处理投入/元·村^-1	垃圾处理投入/行政村数	正
		村均污水处理投入/元·村^-1	污水处理投入/行政村数	正
	公共服务治理	村业务教育水平/人·村^-1	农村业务教育在校生数/行政村数	正
		村医疗水平/人·村^-1	乡村医生、卫生员数/行政村数	正
		每千人口乡镇文化站数/个·(10³人)^-1	乡镇文化站数/乡村人口	正
		每千人口村民委员会数/个·(10³人)^-1	村民委员会数/乡村人口	正
		人均最低生活收入保障/元·人^-1	农村居民最低生活保障支出/农村居民最低生活保障人数	正

范围	耦合等级	范围	耦合等级
[0.0, 0.1）	极度失调	[0.5, 0.6）	勉强协调
[0.1, 0.2）	严重失调	[0.6, 0.7）	初级协调
[0.2, 0.3）	中度失调	[0.7, 0.8）	中级协调
[0.3, 0.4）	轻度失调	[0.8, 0.9）	良好协调
[0.4, 0.5）	濒临失调	[0.9, 1.0]	优质协调

年份	总体	区域内差距			区域间差距			贡献率/%		超变密度
年份	总体	东	中	西	东中	东西	中西	地区内	地区间	超变密度
2011	0.069	0.060	0.029	0.030	0.076	0.072	0.030	21.402	71.950	6.648
2012	0.074	0.069	0.031	0.031	0.084	0.078	0.031	21.968	71.952	6.080
2013	0.074	0.071	0.040	0.029	0.082	0.079	0.034	23.050	67.300	9.649
2014	0.071	0.069	0.026	0.028	0.081	0.076	0.027	21.977	71.383	6.634
2015	0.073	0.070	0.030	0.026	0.084	0.077	0.028	21.818	72.053	6.119
2016	0.071	0.068	0.030	0.028	0.082	0.074	0.029	22.274	71.855	5.871
2017	0.066	0.066	0.031	0.020	0.077	0.070	0.025	21.963	70.210	7.827
2018	0.067	0.070	0.032	0.022	0.078	0.070	0.027	23.124	68.461	8.415
2019	0.070	0.077	0.035	0.023	0.083	0.074	0.029	24.011	66.421	9.567
2020	0.061	0.067	0.033	0.025	0.072	0.062	0.029	25.021	64.432	10.547
2021	0.059	0.062	0.033	0.021	0.069	0.061	0.027	24.099	63.666	12.235
2022	0.061	0.066	0.036	0.023	0.072	0.062	0.029	24.838	63.136	12.026

类型	Ⅰ（低水平）	Ⅱ（中低水平）	Ⅲ（中高水平）	Ⅳ（高水平）	观测值
Ⅰ（低水平）	0.756	0.244	0.000	0.000	90
Ⅱ（中低水平）	0.011	0.716	0.273	0.000	88
Ⅲ（中高水平）	0.000	0.012	0.787	0.200	80
Ⅳ（高水平）	0.000	0.000	0.013	0.986	72

Measurement, regional differences and dynamic evolution of the coupled coordinated development level of new urbanization and harmonious villages

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空间滞后类型	类型	Ⅰ（低水平）	Ⅱ（中低水平）	Ⅲ（中高水平）	Ⅳ（高水平）	观测值
Ⅰ（低水平）	Ⅰ	0.842	0.157	0.000	0.000	57
	Ⅱ	0.050	0.850	0.100	0.000	20
	Ⅲ	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0
	Ⅳ	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0
Ⅱ（中低水平）	Ⅰ	0.612	0.387	0.000	0.000	31
	Ⅱ	0.000	0.725	0.275	0.000	40
	Ⅲ	0.000	0.056	0.833	0.111	18
	Ⅳ	0.000	0.000	0.000	1.000	2
Ⅲ（中高水平）	Ⅰ	0.500	0.500	0.000	0.000	2
	Ⅱ	0.000	0.607	0.392	0.000	28
	Ⅲ	0.000	0.000	0.823	0.176	51
	Ⅳ	0.000	0.000	0.043	0.957	23
Ⅳ（高水平）	Ⅰ	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0
	Ⅱ	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0
	Ⅲ	0.000	0.000	0.545	0.455	11
	Ⅳ	0.000	0.000	0.000	1.000	47

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