祁连山北麓荒漠草原5种优势植物生物量与土壤养分特征

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000－6060.2023.272

Abstract

Abstract:

To clarify the relationship between plant biomass and soil nutrients of dominant plants in desert grasslands, this study selected five dominant plant species: Peganum harmala, Setaria viridis, Festuca sinensis, Puccinellia distans, and Agropyron cristatum. We measured their biomass and root-zone soil nutrients to explore biomass allocation and its relationship with soil nutrients. The results are as follows: (1) There were significant differences in total biomass and root-shoot ratio among the five dominant plant species (P<0.05), with Peganum harmala having the highest total biomass and Puccinellia distans having the lowest. The perennial plants Peganum harmala, Puccinellia distans, Festuca sinensis, and Agropyron cristatum had most of their biomass allocated below ground, whereas the annual plant Setaria viridis had most of its biomass above ground. The order of root-shoot ratio among the five plants was as follows: Puccinellia distans>Agropyron cristatum>Festuca sinensis>Peganum harmala>Setaria viridis. (2) There were significant differences (P<0.05) in root-zone soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, available potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and their stoichiometric characteristics among the five plant species. The order of soil C:N ratio among the five plants was as follows: Puccinellia distans>Setaria viridis>Agropyron cristatum>Peganum harmala>Festuca sinensis. (3) Variations in plant biomass, root-shoot ratio, and soil nutrients varied among the plants. The root-zone soil total potassium of Peganum harmala, Setaria viridis, and Festuca sinensis and the root-zone soil moisture of Puccinellia distans and Agropyron cristatum exhibited weak variation, whereas the other plant characteristics, soil nutrients, and stoichiometric characteristics exhibited moderate variation. The biomass of the five dominant plant species exhibited a positive correlation with the root-zone soil available nitrogen and total potassium (P<0.05). The allocation of plant biomass and soil nutrient composition significantly vary among different species and life histories in the desert grassland ecosystem. In the future, it will be necessary to restore degraded desert ecosystems by applying appropriate fertilization based on the nutrient requirements of different dominant plant species.

Key words: desert grassland, biomass, root-shoot ratio, soil nutrient characteristics, the northern foothills of the Qilian Mountains

ZHANG Zhiming, SUN Xiaomei, BAO Duanhong, YAO Baohui, WANG Zhicheng, SU Junhu. Biomass and soil nutrient characteristics of five dominant plant species in the desert grassland of the northern foothills of the Qilian Mountains[J].Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(4): 662-671.

Figures/Tables 7

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物种	样本数	地上生物量	地下生物量	总生物量	根冠比
骆驼蓬（Peganum harmala）	25	13.57a	21.30a	34.88a	1.57cd
狗尾草（Setaria viridis）	25	0.59b	0.52b	1.10b	0.92d
中华羊茅（Festuca sinensis）	25	0.26b	1.18b	1.44b	2.26c
碱茅（Puccinellia distans）	25	0.07b	0.24b	0.32b	5.19a
冰草（Agropyron cristatum）	25	0.42b	1.12b	1.55b	3.29b

土壤指标	狗尾草	中华羊茅	碱茅	冰草	骆驼蓬
SWC/%	16.2±1.05a	10.4±1.68a	13.36±0.46a	16.45±0.81a	14.84±3.95a
AP/mg·kg^-1	10.82±0.44a	11.41±6.46a	12.34±0.24a	11.35±0.83a	10.55±0.29a
AK/mg·kg^-1	3.54±0.41b	1.07±0.51c	1.58±2.31c	7.13±1.70a	2.85±4.50b
AN/mg·kg^-1	53.99±21.38c	95.64±10.68b	97.31±31.87b	98.3±0.59b	137.27±14.58a
TN/g·kg^-1	0.29±0.17b	0.51±0.15a	0.24±0.10b	0.28±0.12b	0.31±0.07b
TP/g·kg^-1	2.30±0.44a	2.59±0.13a	0.75±0.13b	0.84±0.27b	0.73±0.04b
TK/g·kg^-1	10.38±0.56a	6.21±0.62b	5.92±0.63b	6.15±0.71b	10.03±0.92a
OC/g·kg^-1	49.93±9.44ab	26.33±7.89c	59.59±12.45a	37.79±15.13bc	22.26±10.72c
N:P	0.13±0.06b	0.20±0.07b	0.32±0.14ab	0.33±0.20a	0.42±0.08a
C:K	2.79±0.61bc	2.46±0.99bc	5.84±1.16a	3.56±1.60b	1.29±0.75c
C:P	12.59±1.00bc	5.90±1.80c	45.81±13.41a	26.19±2.56bc	17.59±7.63c
C:N	99.34±39.05b	30.24±28.25b	145.07±55.48a	78.72±34.49b	42.00±13.62b

土壤指标	变异系数
土壤指标	骆驼蓬	狗尾草	中华羊茅	碱茅	冰草
OC	48.13	18.91	29.98	20.88	40.03
TN	24.10	44.50	35.15	47.80	33.74
TP	5.64	19.18	5.10	16.62	32.20
TK	9.17	5.42	9.96	10.65	11.51
C:N	33.09	46.91	68.72	29.86	50.06
C:P	43.80	7.94	30.50	28.51	9.92
N:P	18.32	32.94	38.14	49.34	44.80
C:K	56.58	21.79	39.54	19.73	44.05
AN	11.16	35.25	11.17	32.75	0.60
AP	42.62	3.83	4.47	18.71	14.96
AK	10.19	12.49	137.04	15.40	11.61
SWC	26.59	6.48	16.14	3.44	4.95
Ab	8.11	32.18	34.19	67.27	18.35
Bb	13.97	47.50	97.78	12.56	66.12
Tb	11.62	30.39	85.48	20.55	51.97
R:S	6.20	42.80	80.19	46.90	53.52

内容	RDA1	RDA2
特征值	3.0589	0.8496
可解释变量累计百分比	0.7647	0.2124
可解释拟合变量（累计）	0.7647	0.9771
蒙特卡罗置换检验	P<0.05

土壤因子	RDA1	RDA2	R²	Pr
SWC	0.47101	0.88213	0.1952	0.245
AK	-0.47991	-0.87732	0.1677	0.327
AP	-0.62465	-0.78091	0.0503	0.726
AN	0.87023	-0.49264	0.4884	0.022
TN	-0.92070	-0.39028	0.0089	0.951
TP	-0.87356	0.48671	0.1915	0.280
TK	0.89323	0.44961	0.4301	0.046
OC	-0.94157	0.33682	0.2649	0.156
N:P	0.78968	-0.61352	0.2386	0.193
C:K	-0.99676	-0.08045	0.3200	0.095
C:P	-0.54229	-0.84019	0.1281	0.411
C:N	-0.95473	0.29746	0.1397	0.429

Biomass and soil nutrient characteristics of five dominant plant species in the desert grassland of the northern foothills of the Qilian Mountains

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