Abstract: The Turpan-Urumqi-Dahuangshan Highway, with a total length of 283.3 km, crosses 2 climatic regions including 4 different geologic and geomorphic units and 8 small ecological sections of varying structures and function. The study results show that the 4 main negative impacts from construction and use of the highway on ecoenvironment are as： (1) Damage to wood trees and desert vegetation, with the varying impact types and degrees over the different ecological sections; (2) Reduction of the habital of some animals, primarily migratory birds; (3) Change of physical and chemical properties of the soil as well as soil erosion; (4) Disturbance to the human production and wel-l being, including change of land use such as variation of livestock migration routes and the relocation of residential areas and pubulic buildings and so on. This paper, on the basis of assessing the difficulty for natural recovery of the above ecosystems, puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures for artifically rehabilitating and improving the damaged ecosystems.

Key words: Turpan-Urunqi-Dahuangshan Highway, eco-environment, impact, rehabitation