Abstract: Adopting optimum control and scientific management of eco-environment is very important to protecting eco-environment against disruption and promoting the coordinated growth of soc-economy system and eco-environment system and building a harmonious relationship between human behavior and natural world, especially in the arid land, western China. At present, quantitative index system of eco-environment is usually looked upon evaluation index system of eco-environmental quality. These indexes, such as, water environment index, soil environment index, atmosphere environment index and so on, are mainly used to evaluate eco-environmental quality. However, in order to study control and management of eco-environment, the artificial factors must be taken into account, because the behavior of control and management of eco-environment is controlled by human being. So, both the indexes of eco-environmental quality and the indexes of soc-economical behavior should be considered together. This paper, according to the characteristics of arid land eco-environment, from the point of quantitative study on eco-environmental control and management, puts forward a new quantitative index system including evaluation index group of eco-environmental quality and control index group of soc-economical development. Furthermore, this paper introduces a new quantitative study method, including index system, optimum control model, and control and management scheme selection and its actions.

Key words: Eco-environment, Control and management, Quantitative study, Arid land