天山中部天山云杉林生态服务价值量化与空间分异研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.750

Abstract

Abstract:

This study examines the forest ecosystem of Picea schrenkiana in the central Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang, China. We used the functional value method and Getis-Ord G_i* hotspot analysis to quantify and visualize the spatial distribution of ecosystem service values. The results show that the total value of the ecosystem services of the Picea schrenkiana forests is 9.609 billion Yuan per year, with water conservation, carbon sequestration, oxygen release, soil conservation, and biodiversity protection as the dominant functions. Furthermore, ecosystem service value varies by age, with middle-aged forests valued the highest, followed by near-mature, mature, and young forests. Over-mature forests have the lowest total value but the highest per-unit area value. Among the forest farms, the one with the highest ecosystem service value is Nanshan Forest Farm, followed by Hutubi, Banfanggou, and Miquan Forest Farms, with the lowest value at the Xinjiang Agricultural University Practice Forest Farm. We observed significant spatial clustering of ecosystem service values across farms, with hotspots concentrated in the southwest at Hutubi and Nanshan Forest Farms. Cold spots are concentrated in the northeast at Miquan and Banfanggou Forest Farms. This study provides a scientific basis for optimizing regional ecological resource management, formulating ecological protection policy, and supporting the sustainable development of the Tianshan forest ecosystem.

Key words: Picea schrenkiana forest, spatial pattern of ecosystem service values, ecosystem services, central Tianshan Mountains

SUN Yubo, ZHAO Shanchao, WANG Yapei, MA Xiaoli, CHEN Yuwen, HUANG Xuansheng, WANG Weixia. Quantification and spatial differentiation of ecosystem service value of Picea schrenkiana forest in the central Tianshan Mountains[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(8): 1396-1405.

Figures/Tables 12

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References 41

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功能类型	森林生态功能	实物量指标	价值量指标
调节功能	涵养水源	调节水量	调节水量价值
	涵养水源	净化水质	净化水质价值
	保育土壤	固土量	固土价值
	保育土壤	保肥量	保肥价值
	固碳释氧	固碳量	固碳价值
	固碳释氧	释氧量	释氧价值
	积累营养物质	林木积累物质量	林木积累物质价值
	净化大气环境	提供负离子量	提供负离子价值
支持功能	生物多样性保护	物种多样性	生物多样性保护价值

参数名称	参数值	参数来源
水库建设单位库容造价	8.84元·m^-3	《中国水利年鉴》
挖取和运输单位面积土方所需费用	62.00元·m^-3	《中华人民共和国水利部水利建筑工程预算定额》
磷酸二铵化肥价格	3200.00元·t^-1	《中国农业信息网》
氯化钾化肥价格	2800.00元·t^-1	《中国农业信息网》
有机质价格	320.00元·t^-1	《中国农业信息网》
磷酸二铵含氮量	18.00%	化肥产品说明
磷酸二铵含磷量	46.01%	化肥产品说明
氯化钾含钾量	60.00%	化肥产品说明
水的净化费用	3.20元·t^-1	新疆政府网污水处理服务费中居民平均用水费用
氧气价格	1000.00元·t^-1	《中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会》
固碳价格	1093.00元·t^-1	采用瑞典的碳汇率每吨150 USD

服务功能	评价指标	物质量	单位面积物质量
涵养水源	调节水量	2.83×10⁸ m³·a^-1	2040.00 m³·hm^-2·a^-1
涵养水源	净化水质	2.83×10⁸ m³·a^-1	2040.00 m³·hm^-2·a^-1
保育土壤	固土	6.07×10⁶ t·a^-1	43.79 t·hm^-2·a^-1
	减少氮损失	2.79×10⁴ t·a^-1	0.21 t·hm^-2·a^-1
	减少磷损失	1.76×10⁴ t·a^-1	0.13 t·hm^-2·a^-1
	减少钾损失	1.24×10⁵ t·a^-1	0.89 t·hm^-2·a^-1
	减少有机质损失	3.07×10⁵ t·a^-1	2.21 t·hm^-2·a^-1
固碳释氧	固碳	1.21×10⁶ t·a^-1	8.74 t·hm^-2·a^-1
固碳释氧	释氧	1.86×10⁶ t·a^-1	13.42 t·hm^-2·a^-1
积累营养物质	氮固持	5.94×10³ t·a^-1	0.04 t·hm^-2·a^-1
	磷固持	8.29×10² t·a^-1	0.01 t·hm^-2·a^-1
	钾固持	4.57×10³ t·a^-1	0.03 t·hm^-2·a^-1
净化大气环境	提供负离子数	2.79×10²⁴个·a^-1	2.01×10¹⁹个·hm^-2·a^-1

服务功能	价值量/10⁸元·a^-1
涵养水源	34.06
保育土壤	14.34
固碳释氧	31.87
积累营养物质	1.75
净化大气环境	0.20
生物多样性保护	13.87

林龄	面积/hm²	U₁	U₂	U₃	U₄	U₅	U₆	U_总	U_单/元·hm^-2·a^-1
幼龄林	4311.13	10.59	4.95	9.91	0.54	0.04	4.31	30.34	70021.05
中林龄	55454.47	136.21	59.99	127.44	7.01	0.74	55.45	386.84	69757.95
近熟林	50313.17	123.58	51.22	115.62	6.36	0.78	50.31	347.87	70090.85
成熟林	26039.74	63.96	24.44	59.84	3.29	0.41	26.04	177.98	70094.30
过熟林	2555.10	6.28	2.84	5.87	0.32	0.04	2.56	17.91	70102.73

Quantification and spatial differentiation of ecosystem service value of Picea schrenkiana forest in the central Tianshan Mountains

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林场	面积/hm²	U₁	U₂	U₃	U₄	U₅	U₆	U_总	U_单/元·hm^-2·a^-1
新疆农业大学实习林场	5670.52	13.93	8.28	13.03	0.72	0.08	5.67	41.71	73550.86
南山林场	57948.87	142.33	34.34	133.17	7.32	0.86	57.95	375.97	64878.71
板房沟林场	27885.95	68.49	40.72	64.08	3.52	0.39	27.89	205.09	73546.28
米泉林场	10104.79	24.82	5.99	23.22	1.28	0.15	10.10	65.56	64876.95
呼图壁林场	37063.48	91.03	54.12	85.17	4.68	0.53	37.06	272.61	73551.76

服务类型	热点区		冷点区
服务类型	面积/km²	占比/%	面积/km²	占比/%
涵养水源	46678	33.66	28303	20.41
保育土壤	49201	35.48	27249	19.65
固碳释氧	46663	33.65	28317	20.42
积累营养物质	46678	33.66	28303	20.41
净化大气环境	45734	32.98	32019	23.09
生物多样性保护	46678	33.66	28303	20.41

热点区类型	面积/km²	占比/%
非热点区	91246	65.80
1类热点区	9138	6.59
2类热点区	8237	5.94

[1]	WANG Jiawei, DONG Guotao, JIANG Xiaohui, NIE Tong, LI Yuehong. Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving forces of ecosystem services in the Heihe River Basin under the context of ecological water conveyance [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(8): 1406-1420.
[2]	XU Mingjing, DUAN Baoling, FENG Qiang, LYU Meng. Ecological services and their trade-offs/synergistic relationships in multi-scenario simulations: A case of the Shanxi section of the Yellow River Basin [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(7): 1206-1219.
[3]	LI Zhi, SU Yang, SHU Qin. Static-dynamic matching of ecosystem service supply and demand and ecological management zoning in northwest China [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(6): 1115-1126.
[4]	LI Bingkun, ZHANG Xiaoke, LUO Zhanbin, MA Jing, YANG Yongjun, CHEN Fu. Matching between supply and demand of ecosystem services based on the “water-energy-food” nexus: A case of the urban agglomeration on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(4): 571-585.
[5]	LI Xiaofei, GONG Jian, YE Jing, FANG Hongjia, ZHANG Shizhen, LIN Jiasheng. Optimization of ecological function zoning in Gansu Province under the trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(3): 467-479.
[6]	CHAO Bao, ZHAO Yuanyuan, WU Haiyan, LI Yuan, SU Ning. Ecosystem services and its response to climate factors in the Mongolian Plateau from 2000 to 2020 [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(9): 1577-1586.
[7]	ZHANG Yan, LI Junnan, PAN Bohua. Evaluation and multi-scenario prediction of ecosystem services in the Yellow River Basin based on PLUS model: A case of Shaanxi section [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(11): 1935-1946.
[8]	ZHOU Fan,ZHOU Dongmei,JIN Yinli,MA Jing,YANG Jing,ZHU Xiaoyan,ZHANG Jun. Spatial matching characteristics of supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Shule River Basin [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(3): 471-480.
[9]	MA Li’na, ZHANG Feiyun, ZHAI Yuxin, TENG Lun, KANG Jianguo. Temporal and spatial evolution of ecosystem service value under land use change in Xinjiang from 1980 to 2020 [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(2): 253-263.
[10]	XIE Maohua, SUN Jiawen, LIU Tiexin. Evaluation of ecosystem service value of resource-based cities in China: Based on the perspective of Meta model [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(6): 1949-1957.
[11]	YU Yuyang,LI Jing,ZHOU Zixiang,TANG Chengyan. Spatial pattern optimization of ecosystem services based on Bayesian networks: A case of the Jing River Basin [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(4): 1268-1280.
[12]	HU Feng,ZHANG Yan,GUO Yu,ZHANG Panpan,LYU Shuai,ZHANG Changchun. Spatial and temporal changes in land use and habitat quality in the Weihe River Basin based on the PLUS and InVEST models and predictions [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(4): 1125-1136.
[13]	YANG Haijuan,SUN Laiding,ZHOU Meijun,LI Fei. Trade-off analyses of ecosystem services during the reconstruction of grain production space in Loess Plateau: A case of Yulin City [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(1): 226-236.
[14]	PAN Huanhuan,WU Shurong,YANG Qixue,DU Ziqiang,WU Zhitao,ZHANG Hong. Spatiotemporal pattern of hotspots (coldspots) of ecosystem services in coalfields of Shanxi Province [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(6): 1686-1695.
[15]	LIU Wei,ZHOU Zhongxue,LANG Ruiting. Supply-demand relations of ecosystem services of urban green infrastructure and its spatial optimization: A case of Xi'an City [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(5): 1500-1513.