基于GEE优选遥感干旱指数的内蒙古干旱时空特征

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.729

Abstract

Abstract:

The scientific revelation of the spatiotemporal characteristics of agricultural drought through remote sensing cloud computing technology is of great significance for promoting ecological civilization and the sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Taking the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China as the study area, and based on Google Earth Engine (GEE), various remote sensing drought indices from 1982 to 2021 were constructed using multi-source remote sensing and meteorological data. The representation capabilities of the normalized vegetation supply water index, crop water stress index (CWSI), temperature-vegetation drought index, vegetation condition index, and temperature condition index for agricultural drought were compared, and the spatiotemporal variation of drought in Inner Mongolia from 1982 to 2021 was analyzed. The results show that: (1) CWSI exhibits significantly better representation ability for agricultural drought than the other four indices. (2) The CWSI from 1982 to 2021 shows a general downward trend, with areas of insignificant change accounting for 77.5%, extremely significant decline accounting for 9.4%, and significant increase also accounting for 9.4%. (3) Drought severity gradually decreases from west to northeast. Among the drought categories, moderate drought accounts for the highest proportion (77.55%), followed by severe drought (26.38%) and extreme drought (23.07%); light drought and no-drought areas are the smallest, accounting for 18.35% and 2.95%, respectively. The correlation between CWSI and the annual average standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index differs significantly across climate types. Cold grassland climate, hot-summer winter-dry cold-temperate climate, and warm-summer winter-dry cold-temperate climate show an extremely significant negative correlation (P<0.01), while correlations in other climate types are not significant. These findings provide theoretical support and a decision-making basis for agricultural production and drought early warning in Inner Mongolia.

Key words: remote sensing, drought index, crop water shortage index (CWSI), Google Earth Engine, Inner Mongolia

CHEN Xianlin, YAN Zhiyuan, LIU Quanming, LI Ruiping, ZHANG Shengwei. Spatiotemporal characteristics of drought in Inner Mongolia based on GEE and optimal remote sensing drought index[J].Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(11): 1903-1912.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Calculation methods of remote sensing drought indices"

遥感干旱指数	计算方法	参数说明
归一化植被供水指数（NVSWI）	$V S W I = N D V I L S T$ ， $N V S W I = V S W I - V S W I m i n V S W I m a x - V S W I m i n$	NDVI为归一化植被指数；LST为地表温度（℃）；VSWI为植被供水指数； $V S W I m i n$ 和 $V S W I m a x$ 分别为研究期内该像元植被供水指数的最小值和最大值
作物缺水指数（CWSI）	$C W S I = 1 - E T P E T$	ET为实际蒸散发（mm）；PET为潜在蒸散发（mm）
温度植被旱情指数（TVDI）	$T V D I = T s - T s m i n T s m a x - T s m i n$ ， $T s m a x = a + b × N D V I$ ， $T s m i n = c + d × N D V I$	$T s$ 为地表温度（℃）； $T s m a x$ 和 $T s m i n$ 分别为归一化植被指数的干湿边地表温度（℃）；a、b、c、d为干湿边线性拟合方程的系数
植被状况指数（VCI）	$V C I = N D V I - N D V I m i n N D V I m a x - N D V I m i n$	$N D V I m i n$ 和 $N D V I m a x$ 分别为研究期内该像元归一化植被指数的最小值和最大值
温度状况指数（TCI）	$T C I = L S T m a x - L S T L S T m a x - L S T m i n$	$L S T m i n$ 和 $L S T m a x$ 分别为研究期内该像元地表温度的最小值和最大值（℃）

Tab. 2

Tab. 3

Fig. 2

Tab. 4

Fig. 3

Tab. 5

Fig. 4

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Fig. 8

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数据	来源	年份	空间分辨率	时间分辨率
归一化植被指数（NDVI）	美国国家海洋与大气管理局AVHRR NDVI数据集（https://www.ncei.noaa.gov）	1982—2021	0.05°	1 d
土壤水分（SM）、蒸散发（ET）和潜在蒸散发（PET）	TerraClimate数据集（https://www.climatologylab.org/terraclimate）	1982—2021	4.6 km	逐月
地表温度（LST）	ERA5-Land再分析数据集（https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp）	1982—2021	0.1°	逐月
标准化降水蒸散指数（SPEI）	全球标准化降水蒸散指数格网数据集2.9版本（https://spei.csic.es/）	1982—2021	0.5°	逐月

Sen斜率值（S）	P值	变化趋势分级
S>0	P<0.01	极显著升高
S>0	0.01≤P<0.05	显著升高
S=0	P>0.05	无显著变化
S<0	0.01≤P<0.05	显著降低
S<0	P<0.01	极显著降低

气候类型	TCI	CWSI	VCI	NVSWI	TVDI
冷性草原气候	0.328	-0.663	0.183	0.272	-0.301
冷性荒漠气候	0.386	-0.649	0.213	0.279	-0.326
热夏冬干冷温气候	0.575	-0.601	0.311	0.304	-0.233
温夏冬干冷温气候	0.461	-0.630	0.252	0.289	-0.289
冷夏冬干冷温气候	0.502	-0.620	0.274	0.295	-0.269
全区	0.401	-0.653	0.221	0.284	-0.304

等级	CWSI	干旱类型
1	0.0~0.6	无旱
2	0.6~0.7	轻旱
3	0.7~0.8	中旱
4	0.8~0.9	重旱
5	0.9~1.0	特旱

干旱等级	冷性草原气候	冷性荒漠气候	热夏冬干冷温气候	温夏冬干冷温气候	冷夏冬干冷温气候	全区
无旱	0.00	0.00	0.00	4.50	15.71	2.95
轻旱	0.20	0.00	36.64	35.49	82.48	18.35
中旱	46.55	0.01	63.36	58.60	1.81	29.25
重旱	52.96	22.44	0.00	1.41	0.00	26.38
特旱	0.29	77.55	0.00	0.00	0.00	23.07

Spatiotemporal characteristics of drought in Inner Mongolia based on GEE and optimal remote sensing drought index

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