Abstract: The agricultural products trade between China and countries participating in the "Belt and Road Initiative" is one of the key fields in the economic cooperation.This paper examines the trade scale,structure and potential between China and countries participating in the "Belt and Road Initiative" using methods including the applied statistics description,comparative analysis,and the gravity model based on the trade statistics by the World Bank.The result has shown that the effect of agricultural trade presents a staircase-like feature in terms of the regional difference.The ASEAN region is the region with the highest trade volume while the Central Asia is the region of a relative lower volume in the trade of agricultural products yet with a rapid growth.The products involved in the trade were the labor intensive or land intensive ones which require an improvement on the trade structure.The population size,the economic scale,and the economic cooperation organization are the main factors which can influence the agricultural trade between China and the relevant countries.The geographic distance has significant negative effects on the trade.The positive effect caused by the agricultural products trade in China-ASEAN free trade zone is larger than that happened in the SCO.The trade potentials of agricultural products between China and relevant countries present different trend.The countries which have larger and faster growth rate of trade volume,and have geographical advantages basically belong to the potential remodeling,and top countries in every region also belong to the potential ones.There is an urgent need to create new potential of agricultural products for China.It is the rational choice to upgrade structure of agricultural trade and optimize the environment of the trade for achieving win-win situation.From the perspectives of promoting green trade and achieving mutual benefits,this paper analyzed the trade effects and trend of agricultural products of countries along the "Belt and Road Initiative" area.It would be helpful to promote the cooperation and share prosperity between China and relevant countries participating in the "Belt and Road Initiative".

Key words: Belt and Road Initiative, agricultural products trade, trade scale, trade potential