新疆南疆地区太阳能资源时空分布特征及区划研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.06.15

Abstract

Abstract:

With 2300-3300 h of daylight per year, the percentage of daylight of Xinjiang is 60%-80%, ranking second in China. Its solar energy resources are higher than that of North China and Northeast China at the same latitude and also higher than that of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and South China at low latitude. Among them, southern Xinjiang is particularly rich in light and heat resources. However, solar radiation observation stations are sparse, resulting in the lack of total solar radiation data in Xinjiang. Furthermore, present knowledge of the regional distribution and available areas of solar energy resources is insufficient. The ITPCAS forcing datasets (reanalysis datasets) and monthly solar data of 30 meteorological observation stations were used in this study to analyze and evaluate the spatial and temporal features of total solar radiation and solar energy resources in southern Xinjiang from 1980 to 2015. The regionalization of solar energy resources utilization was further examined. We studied the temporal-spatial distribution of solar radiation using trend, R/S analysis, and wavelet analysis. The finding revealed that the total solar radiation in the southern Xinjiang region fluctuates once every 10-15 years with a clear interannual variation, exhibiting an overall increasing trend. Using the evaluation indexes of photothermal resources to assess the regional solar energy resources and their distribution characteristics, the results indicated that the solar resources in the southern Xinjiang region are more in the south and less in the north. At the same latitude, mountainous areas have more abundant solar energy resources than plains. Among them, the solar energy resources in the Kunlun Mountains region are most abundant and stable. Finally, combined with sand storm frequency, population abundance, and land transportation accessibility to establish an evaluation index system of solar energy resources utilization regionalization, the solar energy resources can be divided into three regions: The Aksu, Kashi, and Hotan Prefecture were identified as grade Ⅰ available areas, characterized by abundant solar energy resources, high utilization, and moderately less dust strom weather, which are the best areas for comprehensive utilization of photoelectric and photobiological energy. Because of the high frequency of sand strom and poor accessibility of land transportation, the Tarim Basin and its marginal areas are identified as grade II available areas, where can be widely applied in an agricultural greenhouse, solar heating, etc. Ruoqiang and other areas are classified as grade III available areas, which are greatly affected by sand and dust weather and have poor conditions for the population and basic transportation facilities. Therefore, the construction of dispersed photovoltaic power stations and independent micronetworks can be highly promoted. These findings reveal that the solar energy resources in southern Xinjiang are extremely abundant, demonstrating a stable growth trend and high utilization value. This research analyzes the temporal-spatial distribution of solar radiation in southern Xinjiang, explains the spatial distribution pattern of solar energy resources, and identifies the solar resource utilization regionalization, which can provide theoretical support for the integration and engineering application of low-cost ecological utilization technology.

Key words: solar energy resources, spatial and temporal distribution characteristics, division research, southern Xinjiang

GU Wei,Guli JIAPAER,YIN Hanmin,JIANG Liangliang,ZANG Xiaofang. Spatial and temporal distribution characteristic and division research of solar energy resources in southern Xinjiang[J].Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(6): 1665-1675.

Figures/Tables 15

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References 36

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站点	年均太阳总辐射/MJ·m^-2		误差/MJ·m^-2	相对误差/%	相关系数
站点	辐射站	再分析数据集	误差/MJ·m^-2	相对误差/%	相关系数
焉耆	5870.41	5905.69	35.28	0.006	0.963^**
阿克苏	5615.95	5646.37	29.42	0.005	0.882^*
喀什	6089.24	6125.68	36.44	0.006	0.893^*
若羌	5769.71	5786.45	16.74	0.003	0.942^**
和田	5807.70	5837.31	29.61	0.005	0.912^*

变化速率/%·a^-1	Hurst指数	太阳能资源变化趋势
>10.0	>0.5	持续且明显增加
0.9~10.0	>0.5	持续且轻微增加
>0.9	<0.5	反持续且从减少到增加
-0.9~0.9	-	稳定
<-0.9	<0.5	反持续且从增加到减少
-3.0~-0.9	>0.5	持续且轻微减少
<-3.0	>0.5	持续且明显减少

级别	内涵	分级指标
Ⅰ级可利用区	指有良好的太阳能资源禀赋基础,沙尘天气、人口、交通基础设施等影响太阳能资源开发的条件较好,能够使太阳能资源实现规模化开发的地区。	将太阳能资源丰富、稳定、利用价值较高且具有持续增加趋势,沙尘天气较少、人口相对较多且陆路交通可达性良好的可开发区域判别为Ⅰ级可利用区。
Ⅱ级可利用区	指有一定太阳能资源禀赋基础,沙尘天气、人口、交通基础设施等影响太阳能资源开发的条件一般,能够实现大规模农产品生长发育的地区。	将太阳能资源丰富、稳定、利用价值高且具有持续增加趋势,沙尘天气多、人口较少且基础交通设施一般的可开发区域判别为Ⅱ级可利用区。
Ⅲ级可利用区	指有太阳能资源禀赋基础,但地处自然保护区且沙尘天气、人口、交通基础设施等影响太阳能资源开发的条件较差,使太阳能资源实现规模化开发受到较大约束的地区。	剔除Ⅰ级可利用区和Ⅱ级可利用区后,剩余地区判别为Ⅲ级可利用区。

年太阳总辐射/MJ·m^-2	丰富度
<3780	一般
3780~5040	丰富
5040~6300	很丰富
>6300	极丰富

太阳能资源稳定度指标(K)	稳定度
<2	稳定
2~4	较稳定
>4	不稳定

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristic and division research of solar energy resources in southern Xinjiang

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各月日照时数大于6 h天数/d	利用期
<240	长
240~280	很长
>280	极长

沙尘天气频次/d	等级
<30	一般
30~45	较高
>45	高

人口密度/人·km^-2	人口丰富度
8~20	稀少
20~100	一般
100~1000	较密集
>1000	密集