关键词: 女性科研人才, 学科分布, 空间分异, 成因, 国家社会科学基金项目

Abstract: In viewing of the gender orientation in science researches, and the unbalanced distributions of female talents in the working fields and born regions at all times and in all over the world, this paper tried to objectively reveal the status, the subject distribution and the regional distribution of Chinese female social science talents in 21^st century. As the National Social Science Fund Projects is the fund at the highest level within social science researches, its directors are the general representation of social science research talents, therefore, this paper takes female directors of National Social Science Fund Projects as female talents in social science researches. The basic research data are the funding data of National Social Science Fund Projects in 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2015, retrieving from the projects directed by females. Through quantitative analyses of the changes of the amounts and proportion of female directors, their subject distribution and changes, and their regional and provincial distributions and changes, the major results are as follows. Since the 21^st century, thanks to a nationwide attention to the equality between men and women, as well as the enhancement of women's education degree, the number and strength of Chinese female science researchers have significantly increased, and the research status of female social science talents have been also greatly improved. However, the gender differences in science researches still exist, women account for less than one-third of research talents, and their researches are still at relatively low levels; women in most subjects show obvious traditional or new advantages, even in the traditional disadvantageous subjects, women's disadvantages have also shown a trend of weakening. However, a significant difference remains in the subject distribution of female talents, according to the "stereotype" for women's social roles in science research community; regional differentiations of economic and cultural development still control the overall regional distribution of female social science talents, showing as the female social science talents are highly concentrated in a few east and central provinces, and the reducing trend of regional differences in the amounts of female talents is not obvious; the good news is that, the regional and provincial gaps of the proportion of female talents are small, while the immigration of excellent male talents has led to relatively higher proportion of female talents in some relatively underdeveloped areas. In order to enhance the development and the distribution balances of female social science talents, we could further strengthen the central investments to the education and science researches in less developed areas to improve women's education degree and their research conditions there, make policies to control the possible "gender discrimination" in postgraduate students choosing in specific subjects to balance the subject distribution, make policies to broaden the age range for women applying for youth fund projects, encourage that under the same condition women are preferred in the projects review, and set up special plans to encourage and support female researchers continue to participate in the scientific researches.

Key words: female social science talents, subject distribution, regional differentiation, cause, National Social Science Found Project