民勤绿洲边缘积沙带形成的环境条件

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.06.11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 甘肃河西地区经过60多年的防沙治沙，在绿洲边缘形成了一条积沙带。民勤绿洲边缘积沙带高4.8~18.6 m，宽30.4~461.4 m。为什么有的地段积沙带高大，而有的地段积沙带相对矮小，或者有的地段积沙带较宽，而有的地段积沙带较窄？对此，以民勤为研究区，通过对民勤绿洲边缘积沙带进行了调查，运用相关分析等方法和SPSS软件进行了分析。结果表明：（1）民勤绿洲边缘积沙带按形成方式可分为天然灌丛积沙带、乔木林带积沙带、人工固沙林积沙带3种，其中天然灌丛形成的积沙带相对高大，而农田边缘单纯的乔木林带形成的积沙带最窄。（2）控制积沙带高度的环境因子主要是积沙带与主风向的夹角，即积沙带与主风向的夹角越小，则积沙带的高度越低。上风向对准风沙口时，则积沙带与主风向的夹角越小，积沙带的宽度亦越小。（3）典型相关分析结果好于单相关分析。结果显示，积沙带的形态主要是由其宽度、宽高比和断面形状决定的，而影响积沙带形态特征的环境因子主要是上风向是否对准风沙口以及沙源的距离，亦即当上风向未对准风沙口时积沙带较宽且断面积较大，积沙带与上风向沙源距离越小则积沙带越高大。

关键词: font-size:10.5pt, 绿洲边缘')">">绿洲边缘, Times New Roman", ,serif, font-size:10.5pt, "> font-size:10.5pt, 积沙带')">">积沙带, Times New Roman", ,serif, font-size:10.5pt, "> font-size:10.5pt, 成因')">">成因, Times New Roman", ,serif, font-size:10.5pt, "> font-size:10.5pt, 环境因素')">">环境因素, Times New Roman", ,serif, font-size:10.5pt, "> font-size:10.5pt, 民勤')">">民勤

Abstract:

After 60 years of desert control effort in Hexi region of Gansu Province, China, a sand-accumulation belt are formed along the oasis fringe. The sand-accumulation belt is 4.8-18.6 m high and 30.4-461.4 m wide along the fringe of Minqin Oasis. Why the belt is higher in some area while relatively short in another area; or wider in some area while narrow in another area? To find the answers, we investigated the sand-accumulation belt along the fringe of Minqin Oasis, and made the analysis using the correlation analysis method and SPSS software. The results show as follows: (1) According to its formation ways, the sand-accumulation belt along the fringe of Minqin Oasis can be divided into 3 types as natural shrub belt, arbor forest belt and artificial sand-fixation forest belt. The belt formed by natural shrubs is relatively tall, whereas the belt formed by arbor forest trees at the edge of farmland is relatively narrow. (2) The angle between the sand-accumulation belt and the prevailing wind is the main environmental factor controlling the height of sand-accumulation belt. The smaller the angle is, the lower the belt is. When the upper wind is aligned with the wind-drift sand mouth, the smaller the angle is, the narrower the belt is. (3) Result of canonical correlation analysis is better than that of single correlation analysis. The morphological of sand-accumulation belt are mainly determined by its width, aspect ratio and sectional shape. The main environmental factors effecting the morphological characteristics of sand-accumulation belt are whether there is wind-drift sand mouth in the upper wind direction as well as the distance from sand source. If there is no sand mouth in its upwind direction, the sand accumulation belt will be wider and the sectional area be bigger; if the distance between the sand-accumulation belt and the upwind sand source is small, the sand-accumulation belt will be higher.

Key words: Times New Roman", ,serif, oasis fringe')">">oasis fringe, sand-accumulation belt, cause of formation, environmental factor, Minqin

常兆丰, 朱淑娟, 杜娟, 石学刚, 段晓峰, 赵鹏, 张剑挥. 民勤绿洲边缘积沙带形成的环境条件 [J]. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(6): 1330-1336.

CHANG Zhao-feng, ZHU Shu-juan, DU Juan, SHI Xue-gang, DUAN Xiao-feng, ZHAO Peng, ZHANG Jian-hui. Environmental factors causing the formation of sand-accumulation belt along the oasis fringe in Minqin [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(6): 1330-1336.

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