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干旱区地理 ›› 2016, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 294-300.

• 气候与水文 • 上一篇    下一篇

陕西区域性气象干旱事件及变化特征

蔡新玲, 李茜, 方建刚   

  1. 陕西省气候中心, 陕西 西安 710014
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-24 修回日期:2016-01-29 出版日期:2016-03-25
  • 作者简介:蔡新玲(1969-), 女, 高级工程师, 硕士, 主要从事气候预测及极端事件研究. Email: caixinling@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技部公益性行业(气象)专项研究(GYHY201306027); 陕西省气象局重点项目(2011Z-7)

Variation characteristics of regional meteorological drought events of Shaanxi Province

CAI Xin-ling, LI Qian, FANG Jian-gang   

  1. Shaanxi Provincial Climate Center, Xi'an 7004, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2015-11-24 Revised:2016-01-29 Online:2016-03-25

摘要: 以陕西省为例, 探讨了区域性气象干旱事件的识别和综合评估方法. 采用陕西省96个国家级气象站1961-2013年逐日降水量和平均气温资料, 计算了各站逐日综合气象干旱指数CI值, 在此基础上定义了区域性气象干旱事件, 并构建了以事件的极端强度、累积强度、累积面积、最大面积和持续时间5个指标的区域气象干旱事件综合评估模型, 确定了区域气象干旱事件综合强度等级划分标准. 历史干旱事件验证表明, 采用的建模方法和评估等级划分合理. 分析表明: 陕西区域性气象干旱事件的持续时间以10~20d为主, 最长可达218d. 区域性干旱事件主要出现在春夏季. 近53a区域干旱事件频次呈弱的增加趋势, 累积日数呈增多趋势, 但年际差异大, 阶段性特征显著. 20世纪90年代持续性干旱事件频繁, 强度强. 干旱事件地域分布特征显示关中为陕西干旱事件发生的高频、高强中心区域.

关键词: 陕西, 区域性气象干旱事件, 变化特征

Abstract: In this paper, the recognition and comprehensive evaluation method of regional meteorological drought events in Shaanxi Province, China were discussed. By using the data of the daily precipitation and mean temperature from 96 national meteorological stations in Shaanxi Province from 1961 to 2013, this paper calculated the daily composite-drought index(CI)of each station, defined regional meteorological drought events, built an composite-evaluation model with 5 indicators including the extreme intensity, cumulative intensity, cumulative area, maximum area and duration, and determined the composite strength classification standard of the regional meteorological drought events. Historical drought events showed that the modeling method and classification standard were reasonable. The duration of regional meteorological drought events were mainly dominated by 10-20d, reaching a maximum of 218d. Regional drought events occurred mainly in spring and summer. The regional drought event frequency showed slow rising trend, and the cumulative days showed significantly increasing trend, with a big inter-annual difference and obvious stage characteristic in nearly 53a. The persistent meteorological drought events were happened frequently and strongly in 1990s, and Guanzhong was the central region of high frequency and strength meteorological drought events in Shaanxi Province. This index will provide a reference for the objective quantitative assessment drought events in other areas and it is also an important technical support for timely monitoring and early warning for the extreme drought events.

Key words: Shaanxi Province, regional meteorological drought event, characteristic

中图分类号: 

  • P426.616