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干旱区地理 ›› 2003, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 202-207.doi: 10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.2003.03.002

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鄂尔多斯高原景观格局变化分析——以伊金霍洛旗为例

贾宝全1, 孙鹏森2, 王国柱3, 慈龙骏1   

  1. 1.中国林业科学研究院林业研究所, 北京 100091;
    2.中国林业科学研究院森林生态与环境保护研究所, 北京 100091;
    3.北京林业大学研究生院, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2002-12-20 修回日期:2003-04-29 发布日期:2025-12-31
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(30070601、39990490

Spatial Pattern Changes of Landscape in Ordos Plateau——Taking the Yinjinhuoluo County as an example

JIA Bao-quan1, SUN Peng-sen2, WANG Guo-zhu3, CI Long-jun1   

  1. 1. Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091;
    2. Institute of Forestry Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091;
    3. Graduate School of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083
  • Received:2002-12-20 Revised:2003-04-29 Online:2025-12-31

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摘要： 以位于内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原上的伊金霍洛旗为研究区域, 以景观生态学的数量分析方法为基本手段, 在土地利用现状分类体系下, 以其1984、1991和1998年3个年度的土地利用图为基础, 从区域和斑块类型两个尺度上, 对其景观格局进行了数量分析。结果表明, 在三个典型年度, 天然草地为伊金霍洛旗的景观基质, 景观格局指数的所有变化均是在此基础上发生和演变的。从整个景观尺度的格局指数变化情况显示, 伊金霍洛旗景观的破碎化程度在增加;同时景观的异质性程度在下降, 景观愈来愈有少数景观斑块类型所控制。而在斑块类型这一尺度上的格局指数变化说明, 不同类型斑块的复杂性的变化趋势基本相同, 即均有不同程度的增长, 但增加幅度有限;同时还说明, 不同类型斑块内部其大小差异的幅度在不断缩小。但从不同年度的变化情况来看, 无论是区域还是不同的斑块类型, 其格局指数的变化并不与总体的变化趋势同步。

关键词: 景观格局, 变化, 鄂尔多斯高原

Abstract: Yinjinhuoluo county were located in the Ordos Plateau, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China, in which the soil erosion of wind and water is very serious. Because the county's economy is a typical mixed economy of agriculture and animal husbandry, the ecologyical environment have the frangibility. In order to explore its characteristics of environment changes, the methods of landscape pattern analysis were selected. Under the land use classification, the land use map of 1984, 1991 and 1998 at the scale 1:100000 were used in the research process. Based on the land use map, the patch types divided into 9 sorts, which were natural grassland, artificial grassland, wood land, shrub, farmland, river, lake, residential site and shift sand land. To quantify the landscape pattern, the following indexes in entire region and different patch type scale were selected. They are the number of patches (NU MP), class area (CA), mean patch size (MPS), patch size standard deviation (PSSD), edge density (ED), mean patch edge (MPE), mean patch fractal dimension (MPFD), area weighted mean patch fractal dimension (A W MPFD), mean shape index (MSI), Shannon's diversity index (SDI), Shannon's evenness index (SEI) and dominance index (DI). The results show that the landscape matrix did not changed in three years, which were natural grassland. Landscape pattern changes in different year were all occurred on this same matrix. In the entire landscape scale, the PSSD, ED, MPE, MSI, MPFD, A W MPFD and DI all were increased from 1984 to 1998, but the SDI and SEI were declined meanwhile. The changes reveal that the fragmentation degree is increasing, complexity and heterogeneous is declined. The landscape dynamics were controlled by few patch type, which were shrub and farmland in Yijinhuoluo county. In the patch type scale, The different patch type have the same changing trend. The complexity is increasing, but the extend is limited in a little ranges. Comparing the two scale change trend in different year, it shows that the changing trend is not in the same step.

Key words: landscape pattern, changes, Ordos Plateau, Yijinhuoluo county

中图分类号: 

  • P901