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干旱区地理 ›› 1991, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (1): 12-17.doi: 10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.1991.01.003

• • 上一篇    下一篇

乌鲁木齐地区水资源及其开发利用程度

曲耀光   

  1. 中国科学院兰州冰川冻土研究所
  • 出版日期:1991-03-25 发布日期:2025-12-25

WATER RESOURCE AND ITS EXPLOITATION AND UTILIZATION DEGREE IN URUMQI REGION

Qu Yaoguang   

  1. Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology, Academia Sinica
  • Published:1991-03-25 Online:2025-12-25

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摘要： 乌鲁木齐地区,经济发达,人口集中,已成为我国西北地区水资源利用程度最高的内陆河流域之一。但对开发利用程度还没有一个数量概念,并存在不同的认识。本文根据水资源转化模拟和予测模型的建立,计算了本区现有水利条件下平水年的现状引水量和净利用水量、现状可引用水量和可用水量,结果表明:乌鲁木齐地区实际水资源总量为6.432×10～8m3,而现状利用的净水量为7.152×10～8m3,为水资源总量的111.25%,远远超过水量平衡条件下的最大可引用量（5.5779×10～8m3）和水资源总量。同时每年还超采地下水约1.20×10～8m3。显然,水资源开发利用过度。这种长期“用水赤字”的处境,将对本区工农业生产和绿洲的稳定产生潜在威胁。必须从现在起就有计划有步骤地加强水资源统一管理,建立节水性社会。

关键词: 水资源, 水资源总量, 乌鲁木齐

Abstract: Urumqi region in which its economics is very developed and its population is concentrated has been one of the highest water resource utilization inland-river field in northwest China. As regards the degree of exploitation and utilization, there is not a quantity concept and exists many different recognitions.
According to setting up exchange simulation and pre-dictive model of water resource, this paper has calculated the present leading water quantity, net utilizing water quantity, present possible leading water quantity and possible utilizing water quantity in present water conservancy condition in average water year. The results show that the total practical water resource quantity is 6.432×108 m3 in Urumqi region, however, the present net utilizing water quantity which is 111.2% of the total water resource quantity is 7.152×108 m3 and exceeds the maximum possible leading water quantity（5.5779×108 m3）and total water resource quantity in the condition of water balance. At the same time, the quantity of extra-excavating groundwater is about 1.20×108 m3. Evidently, the exploitation and utilization of water resource is overdone. Such long term conditions as this＂water consuming deficit＂will threaten the industry and agriculture production and the stability of oasis in this region. Now it is necessary for us to reinforce the management of water resource systematically and to build a water-threft society.