干旱区地理 ›› 2024, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (9): 1518-1529.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.595 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2023595
收稿日期:
2023-10-23
修回日期:
2024-01-03
出版日期:
2024-09-25
发布日期:
2024-09-24
通讯作者:
别强(1986-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事遥感信息提取研究. E-mail: bieq@lzjtu.edu.cn作者简介:
石莹(1998-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区生态研究. E-mail: 11220886@stu.lzjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
SHI Ying1(), BIE Qiang1,2,3(), SU Xiaojie1, LI Xinzhang1
Received:
2023-10-23
Revised:
2024-01-03
Published:
2024-09-25
Online:
2024-09-24
摘要:
“四水四定”背景下,科学地量化评估水源涵养能力是保障社会经济高质量发展和对生态环境有效保护的基础。生态保护重要性评价作为“双评价”重要组成部分,对农业生产和城市建设等评价起指导作用。基于InVEST产水量模块利用地形指数、土壤饱和导水率和流速系数对其修正获得水源涵养量,定量评估2000—2020年兰州市水源涵养量时空演变,探讨土地利用类型变化对其影响,并划分水源涵养功能重要性等级。结果表明:(1) 2000—2020年兰州市农田面积减少,其他土地利用类型面积均增加,其中草地增加最显著。(2) 兰州市水源涵养量空间上呈现“高低相间分布”,多年平均单元水源涵养量15.42 mm,水源涵养总量2.03×108 m3。2000—2020年兰州市平均单元水源涵养量和总量增加,且增加幅度逐渐上升。(3) 兰州市不同土地利用类型水源涵养总量依次为:草地>农田>林地>不透水面>裸地>灌木。其中,林地的平均单元水源涵养量最大,而草地的水源涵养总量最大。(4) 2000—2020年兰州市水源涵养功能重要性一般重要和较重要地区面积减少,中度重要、高度重要和极重要地区面积增加。水源涵养功能评价和重要性分级可以为中国干旱区巩固现有退耕还林还草成果、推进生态文明建设、促进区域经济发展提供科学参考与指导。
石莹, 别强, 苏晓杰, 李欣璋. 基于InVEST模型的水源涵养功能评价的时空变化——以兰州市为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(9): 1518-1529.
SHI Ying, BIE Qiang, SU Xiaojie, LI Xinzhang. Spatiotemporal variation of water conservation function evaluation based on InVEST model: A case of Lanzhou City[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(9): 1518-1529.
表2
2000—2020年各土地利用类型面积和占比"
土地利用类型 | 2000年 | 2010年 | 2020年 | 2000—2020年 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | ||||
农田 | 2278.79 | 17.27 | 1719.73 | 13.03 | 1837.46 | 13.92 | -441.34 | 50.00 | |||
林地 | 484.57 | 3.67 | 498.47 | 3.78 | 536.48 | 4.07 | 51.91 | 5.88 | |||
灌木 | 11.79 | 0.09 | 6.33 | 0.05 | 21.74 | 0.16 | 9.96 | 1.13 | |||
草地 | 10245.03 | 77.65 | 10746.78 | 81.46 | 10459.03 | 79.28 | 214.00 | 24.24 | |||
水域 | 28.02 | 0.21 | 30.12 | 0.23 | 31.32 | 0.24 | 3.30 | 0.37 | |||
裸地 | 24.52 | 0.19 | 41.15 | 0.31 | 138.19 | 1.05 | 113.67 | 12.88 | |||
不透水面 | 120.49 | 0.91 | 150.63 | 1.14 | 168.99 | 1.28 | 48.50 | 5.49 |
表3
2000—2020年各土地利用类型平均单元水源涵养量及总量"
土地利用类型 | 平均单元水源涵养量/mm | 水源涵养总量/106 m3 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000年 | 2010年 | 2020年 | 2000年 | 2010年 | 2020年 | ||
农田 | 15.68 | 17.93 | 20.25 | 35.73 | 30.83 | 37.21 | |
林地 | 26.92 | 28.78 | 32.41 | 13.05 | 14.35 | 17.38 | |
灌木 | 21.33 | 23.92 | 27.37 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.60 | |
草地 | 12.94 | 14.04 | 15.97 | 132.57 | 150.83 | 166.98 | |
裸地 | 12.16 | 13.17 | 14.68 | 0.30 | 0.54 | 2.03 | |
不透水面 | 10.55 | 10.59 | 13.40 | 1.27 | 1.60 | 2.26 |
表4
2000—2020年水源涵养重要性面积和占比"
重要性分级 | 2000年 | 2010年 | 2020年 | 2000—2020年 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | 面积/km2 | 占比/% | ||||
一般重要 | 4475.44 | 34.45 | 3232.81 | 24.89 | 1649.32 | 12.70 | -2826.11 | 43.50 | |||
较重要 | 3082.93 | 23.73 | 3174.41 | 24.44 | 2660.58 | 20.48 | -422.35 | 6.50 | |||
中度重要 | 1781.69 | 13.71 | 2390.08 | 18.40 | 2826.35 | 21.76 | 1044.66 | 16.08 | |||
高度重要 | 1014.65 | 7.81 | 1234.51 | 9.50 | 2167.93 | 16.69 | 1153.28 | 17.75 | |||
极重要 | 2636.21 | 20.29 | 2958.53 | 22.77 | 3686.70 | 28.38 | 1050.49 | 16.17 |
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