基于InVEST模型的水源涵养功能评价的时空变化——以兰州市为例

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.595

干旱区地理 ›› 2024, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (9): 1518-1529.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.595

基于InVEST模型的水源涵养功能评价的时空变化——以兰州市为例

石莹¹(), 别强¹^,²^,³(), 苏晓杰¹, 李欣璋¹

1.兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院，甘肃兰州 730070
2.地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心，甘肃兰州 730070
3.甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室，甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2023-10-23 修回日期:2024-01-03 出版日期:2024-09-25 发布日期:2024-09-24
通讯作者: 别强（1986-），男，博士，副教授，主要从事遥感信息提取研究. E-mail: bieq@lzjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:石莹（1998-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事干旱区生态研究. E-mail: 11220886@stu.lzjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42101096);甘肃省青年科技基金(21JR7RA341)

Spatiotemporal variation of water conservation function evaluation based on InVEST model: A case of Lanzhou City

SHI Ying¹(), BIE Qiang¹^,²^,³(), SU Xiaojie¹, LI Xinzhang¹

1. School of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
2. National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Application of Geographic National Conditions Monitoring Technology, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
3. Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Geographic National Conditions Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China

Received:2023-10-23 Revised:2024-01-03 Published:2024-09-25 Online:2024-09-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

“四水四定”背景下，科学地量化评估水源涵养能力是保障社会经济高质量发展和对生态环境有效保护的基础。生态保护重要性评价作为“双评价”重要组成部分，对农业生产和城市建设等评价起指导作用。基于InVEST产水量模块利用地形指数、土壤饱和导水率和流速系数对其修正获得水源涵养量，定量评估2000—2020年兰州市水源涵养量时空演变，探讨土地利用类型变化对其影响，并划分水源涵养功能重要性等级。结果表明：（1） 2000—2020年兰州市农田面积减少，其他土地利用类型面积均增加，其中草地增加最显著。（2）兰州市水源涵养量空间上呈现“高低相间分布”，多年平均单元水源涵养量15.42 mm，水源涵养总量2.03×10⁸ m³。2000—2020年兰州市平均单元水源涵养量和总量增加，且增加幅度逐渐上升。（3）兰州市不同土地利用类型水源涵养总量依次为：草地>农田>林地>不透水面>裸地>灌木。其中，林地的平均单元水源涵养量最大，而草地的水源涵养总量最大。（4） 2000—2020年兰州市水源涵养功能重要性一般重要和较重要地区面积减少，中度重要、高度重要和极重要地区面积增加。水源涵养功能评价和重要性分级可以为中国干旱区巩固现有退耕还林还草成果、推进生态文明建设、促进区域经济发展提供科学参考与指导。

关键词: 兰州市, InVEST模型, 水源涵养, 土地利用变化

Abstract:

Under the background of “four waters and four determinations”, scientific and quantitative assessment of water conservation capacity is the basis for ensuring high-quality social and economic development and effective protection of the ecological environment. As an important part of the “double evaluation”, the evaluation of the importance of ecological protection plays a guiding role in the evaluation of agricultural production and urban construction. Based on the InVEST water yield module, the water conservation volume was obtained by using the terrain index, soil saturation water conductivity and flow velocity coefficient to obtain the water conservation volume, and the temporal and spatial evolution of water conservation in Lanzhou City of Gansu Province, China from 2000 to 2020 was quantitatively evaluated, and the impact of land use type change on it was discussed, and the importance level of water conservation function was divided. The results showed that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, except for the decrease of farmland area, the area of other land use types increased, and the increase of grassland was the most significant. (2) The spatial distribution of water conservation in Lanzhou City was “high-low distribution”, and the average unit water conservation was 15.42 mm, and the total water conservation volume was 2.03×10⁸ m³. From 2000 to 2020, the average unit water conservation and total amount in Lanzhou increased, and the increase rate gradually increased. (3) The total water conservation of different land use types in Lanzhou is as follows: grassland>farmland>woodland>impervious surface>bare land>shrubs. Among them, the average unit water conservation capacity of forest land was the largest, while the total water conservation of grassland was the largest. (4) From 2000 to 2020, the area of the generally important and relatively important areas of water conservation function in Lanzhou decreased, and the area of moderately important, highly important and extremely important areas increased. The evaluation and importance classification of water conservation functions can provide scientific reference and guidance for consolidating the existing achievements of returning farmland to forest and grassland, promoting the construction of ecological civilization, and promoting regional economic development in China’s arid areas.

Key words: Lanzhou City, InVEST model, water conservation, land use change

石莹, 别强, 苏晓杰, 李欣璋. 基于InVEST模型的水源涵养功能评价的时空变化——以兰州市为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(9): 1518-1529.

SHI Ying, BIE Qiang, SU Xiaojie, LI Xinzhang. Spatiotemporal variation of water conservation function evaluation based on InVEST model: A case of Lanzhou City[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(9): 1518-1529.

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统计数据	2000年	2010年	2020年
年总降水量/10⁸ m³	41.49	35.67	41.82
年均降水量/mm	306.00	263.00	317.00
总水资源量/10⁸ m³	2.20	1.04	4.80
产水系数	0.05	0.03	0.11
产水模数/10⁴ m³·km^-2	1.62	0.76	3.64

土地利用类型	2000年		2010年		2020年		2000—2020年
土地利用类型	面积/km²	占比/%	面积/km²	占比/%	面积/km²	占比/%	面积/km²	占比/%
农田	2278.79	17.27	1719.73	13.03	1837.46	13.92	-441.34	50.00
林地	484.57	3.67	498.47	3.78	536.48	4.07	51.91	5.88
灌木	11.79	0.09	6.33	0.05	21.74	0.16	9.96	1.13
草地	10245.03	77.65	10746.78	81.46	10459.03	79.28	214.00	24.24
水域	28.02	0.21	30.12	0.23	31.32	0.24	3.30	0.37
裸地	24.52	0.19	41.15	0.31	138.19	1.05	113.67	12.88
不透水面	120.49	0.91	150.63	1.14	168.99	1.28	48.50	5.49

土地利用类型	平均单元水源涵养量/mm			水源涵养总量/10⁶ m³
土地利用类型	2000年	2010年	2020年	2000年	2010年	2020年
农田	15.68	17.93	20.25	35.73	30.83	37.21
林地	26.92	28.78	32.41	13.05	14.35	17.38
灌木	21.33	23.92	27.37	0.30	0.15	0.60
草地	12.94	14.04	15.97	132.57	150.83	166.98
裸地	12.16	13.17	14.68	0.30	0.54	2.03
不透水面	10.55	10.59	13.40	1.27	1.60	2.26

重要性分级	2000年		2010年		2020年		2000—2020年
重要性分级	面积/km²	占比/%	面积/km²	占比/%	面积/km²	占比/%	面积/km²	占比/%
一般重要	4475.44	34.45	3232.81	24.89	1649.32	12.70	-2826.11	43.50
较重要	3082.93	23.73	3174.41	24.44	2660.58	20.48	-422.35	6.50
中度重要	1781.69	13.71	2390.08	18.40	2826.35	21.76	1044.66	16.08
高度重要	1014.65	7.81	1234.51	9.50	2167.93	16.69	1153.28	17.75
极重要	2636.21	20.29	2958.53	22.77	3686.70	28.38	1050.49	16.17

基于InVEST模型的水源涵养功能评价的时空变化——以兰州市为例

Spatiotemporal variation of water conservation function evaluation based on InVEST model: A case of Lanzhou City

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