黄河流域七大城市群绿色发展效率测度及特征分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.401

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黄河流域城市群绿色发展对于全流域生态保护与绿色高质量发展至关重要。采用超效率SBM模型测度黄河流域七大城市群所辖城市2007—2019年的绿色发展效率，对其时空演化特征进行刻画，并分别采用引力模型和均衡函数分析七大城市群间绿色发展的关联特征和城市群内部的均衡特征。结果表明：（1）从时序特征来看，城市群的绿色发展效率以2014年为界呈现先下降后上升的变化趋势。（2）从空间分布来看，城市群所辖城市的绿色发展效率在空间格局上呈现低效率空间集聚现象。（3）从关联特征来看，不同城市群间绿色发展的关联强度存在较大差异，其关联关系主要有单向溢出关联、双向溢出关联和无关联。（4）从均衡特征来看，城市群的绿色发展效率与其均衡度之间存在负相关关系，且各城市群在绿色发展效率和均衡度的关系上主要呈现低效率-高均衡度、低效率-低均衡度和高效率-低均衡度3种类型。

关键词: 绿色发展效率, 城市群, 关联特征, 均衡特征, 黄河流域

Abstract:

The green development of the urban agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin of China is crucial to the ecological protection and green high-quality development of the whole basin. This paper uses the super slacks-based model to measure the green development efficiency of cities in the seven urban agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin from 2007 to 2019. It also uses the gravity model and the equilibrium function to characterize the spatiotemporal evolution and to analyze the correlation characteristics of green development among the seven urban agglomerations and the equilibrium characteristics within the urban agglomerations, respectively. The following results were obtained: (1) The green development efficiency of the urban agglomerations exhibits the tendency to drop and then increase, with 2014 as the boundary in terms of time series. (2) The green development efficiency of cities under the jurisdiction of urban agglomeration shows an inefficient spatial clustering pattern in terms of spatial distribution. (3) The strength of the associations of green development varies greatly among different urban agglomerations, and there are three main types of their associations, namely, one-way spillover associations, two-way spillover associations, and no associations. (4) A negative correlation is observed between the green development efficiency of urban agglomerations and their equilibrium degree, and the relationship between green development efficiency and equilibrium degree of each urban agglomeration mainly presents three types, i.e., low-efficiency/high-equilibrium degree, low-efficiency/low-equilibrium degree, and high-efficiency/low-equilibrium degree, in terms of equilibrium characteristics.

Key words: green development efficiency, urban agglomeration, correlation characteristics, equilibrium characteristics, Yellow River Basin

孟望生,刘华桢,张扬. 黄河流域七大城市群绿色发展效率测度及特征分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(5): 846-856.

MENG Wangsheng,LIU Huazhen,ZHANG Yang. Measurement and characterization of green development efficiency in seven urban agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(5): 846-856.

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城市群名称	城市构成	数量
山东半岛城市群	济南市、青岛市、烟台市、淄博市、潍坊市、东营市、威海市、日照市	8
中原城市群	郑州市、洛阳市、开封市、南阳市、安阳市、商丘市、新乡市、平顶山市、许昌市、焦作市、周口市、信阳市、驻马店市、鹤壁市、濮阳市、漯河市、三门峡市、长治市、晋城市、聊城市、菏泽市	21
关中平原城市群	西安市、宝鸡市、咸阳市、铜川市、渭南市、商洛市、运城市、临汾市、天水市、平凉市、庆阳市	11
晋中城市群	太原市、晋中市、吕梁市、阳泉市、忻州市	5
呼包鄂榆城市群	呼和浩特市、包头市、鄂尔多斯市、榆林市	4
宁夏沿黄城市群	银川市、石嘴山市、吴忠市、中卫市	4
兰西城市群	兰州市、西宁市、白银市、定西市	4

指标	变量	数据说明
投入	资本投入/10⁸元	资本存量。参照孟望生等^[18]的作法，采用永续盘存法测算
	劳动投入/10⁴人	城镇从业人员数
	能源投入/10⁸ kwh	全社会用电量。基于电力消费由电表记录更具准确性且其与能源存在高相关性^[19]的考虑，采用全社会用电量衡量能源投入
	用水投入/10⁴ t	城市用水总量
期望产出	经济产出/10⁸元	地区实际GDP（2006年不变价）
非期望产出	烟（粉）尘排放/10⁴ t	工业烟（粉）尘排放量
	SO₂排放/10⁴t	工业SO₂排放量
	废水排放/10⁴ t	工业废水排放量

关联特征	城市群	关中平原	中原	宁夏沿黄	兰西	晋中	山东半岛	呼包鄂榆
关联强度	关中平原	-	26.35	11.44	13.13	17.30	10.05	8.71
	中原	14.00	-	3.04	2.61	19.83	16.78	5.16
	宁夏沿黄	6.01	3.01	-	10.33	2.06	5.17	5.49
	兰西	10.80	4.04	16.16	-	4.68	3.19	4.59
	晋中	12.65	27.29	7.20	4.16	-	16.96	29.19
	山东半岛	16.49	51.78	6.43	6.37	38.03	-	24.31
	呼包鄂榆	15.13	16.88	18.15	9.69	69.33	25.74	-
关联矩阵	关中平原	-	1	0	0	1	0	0
	中原	1	-	0	0	1	1	0
	宁夏沿黄	1	0	-	1	0	0	1
	兰西	1	0	1	-	0	0	0
	晋中	0	1	0	0	-	1	1
	山东半岛	0	1	0	0	1	-	1
	呼包鄂榆	0	0	0	0	1	0	-