Abstract: The primary saline land in Xinjiang is mainly used for agriculture. Soil saline content pattern is an important factor affecting plant productivity after cultivation，it is also critical for the stability and sustainability of oasis ecosystem. In this study, the pattern was investigated of total soil soluble saline under different planting patterns in Sangong River basin. Then, the vertical distribution pattern was studied of total soil soluble saline in both primary saline land and cultivated saline land; At last, the seasonal pattern was studied of total soil soluble saline. Results showed that cultivation significantly decreased soil total dissolvable salt concentration at 0～50 cm layers, the longer the cultivation，the lower the contents of the soil soluble salt in soil. The total soil dissolvable salt concentration was 2.31 g/kg in cultivated land and 26.62 g/kg in primary soil salinize-alkalization, the former accounted to 11% of the later soil. Long term cultivation changed the vertical distribution of soil dissolvable salt along soil profile. In the primary saline desert land, the total dissolvable salt concentration showed an obvious trait of surface assemblage. The total dissolvable salt concentration at 0～30 cm soil layers took 79% to the whole soil profile, in contrast, after a cultivation history of 50 years, the salt distributed equally along the whole soil profile. In addition, the practices of cultivation also changed the composition of base ions, with a decreasing pattern of Cl^-，K⁺，Na⁺ concentrations and increasing pattern of SO₄^2-，Mg²⁺，Ca²⁺ concentrations along the whole soil profile. As a consequence, the type of saline soil changed from SO₄^2--Cl^1- dominated soil to Cl^1-- SO₄^2- dominated soil. The soil dissolvable salt concentration in the natural salinization-alkalization soil showed a significant seasonal pattern which was accompanying the precipitation variation, while no difference was observed in the cultivated land among different seasons. This study indicated that keeping the soil water flow down the soil profile persistently is critical for the sustainable use of the natural salinization-alkalization soil.

Key words: Xinjiang, cultivation, salinity accumulation, salinity distribution