Abstract: From the point of Quaternary geology evolution and the isotopic theory, the paper analyzed the present hy-drochemical characteristics of groundwater and its horizontal and vertical variety regulations in the Awati Coun-ty, northeastern fringe of 'Tarim Basin, southern Xinjiang, based on a lot of on the spot surveying data and ref-erence material, and profoundly researched formation mechanism of hydrochemical characteristic of groundwaterin the regionFinally the paper draw out the hydrochemical evolution process of groundwater and pointed outsome noticeable problems in the exploiting of water resources, which will have significant importance for local economic development and the eco environment protection to the upper st ream area of Tarim River.

Key words: Awati County, hydrochemical characteristics, formation mechanism