近61 a黄河流域霜冻日期时空分异特征及影响因素

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.130

Abstract

Abstract:

The study of the evolution characteristics of frost in the Yellow River Basin provides a basis for scientifically preventing frost hazards, promoting rational development, and use of climate resources. Based on the statistical data from 83 meteorological stations in the Yellow River Basin from 1960 to 2020, the Mann-Kendall mutation test, Morlet wavelet analysis, and correlation analysis were used to analyze the characteristics of spatial and temporal changes and influencing factors of frost date in the Yellow River Basin. The results showed that: (1) the average first frost date in the Yellow River Basin was October 8, the last frost date was April 30, and the average frost-free period was 161 days from 1960 to 2020. In the past 61 years, the first frost day was postponed at a rate of 2.51 days·(10a)^-1, the last frost day was advanced at a rate of −2.07 days·(10a)^-1, and the frost-free period was significantly prolonged at a rate of 4.48 days·(10a)^-1. In the 1970s, the first frost day was the earliest, the last frost day was the latest, and the frost-free period was the shortest. In 2010, the first frost day was the latest, the last frost day was the earliest, and the frost-free period was the longest. (2) Wavelet analysis showed that the first and last frost days and frost-free periods had a main period of about 28 a in the Yellow River Basin. The first frost day suddenly changed in 2002, the last frost day suddenly changed in 2000, and the frost-free period suddenly changed in 2001. (3) In terms of spatial distribution, from the upper to the middle and lower reaches, the first, the last frost dates and the frost-free period were gradually delayed, advanced, and extended, respectively. The first frost day was delayed in all parts of the basin, the last frost day was delayed only in Hezuo and Jiuzhi stations in the southwest, and the frost-free period was prolonged in all parts of the basin, the variation range of the first frost date and frost-free period in the lower reaches was the largest. (4) The first and last frost days and frost-free periods in the Yellow River Basin were mainly affected by altitude and the average temperature.

Key words: first frost date, last frost date, frost-free period, spatial-temporal variations, Yellow River Basin

ZHANG Zhigao, XU Xiaoman, GUO Chaofan, CAI Maotang, YUAN Zheng, ZHANG Mingzhe. Spatial and temporal characteristics and influencing factors of frost date in the Yellow River Basin from 1960 to 2020[J].Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(6): 1685-1694.

Figures/Tables 11

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年代	初霜日		终霜日		无霜期/d
年代	平均初霜日（月-日）	距平	平均终霜日（月-日）	距平	均值	距平
1960—1969	10-05	-3	05-01	1	155	-6
1970—1979	10-04	-4	05-06	6	150	-11
1980—1989	10-06	-2	05-01	1	158	-3
1990—1999	10-05	-3	04-30	0	157	-4
2000—2009	10-13	5	04-26	-4	169	8
2010—2020	10-17	9	04-23	-7	176	15

地区	初霜日		终霜日		无霜期
地区	平均初霜日（月-日）	倾向率/d·(10a)^-1	平均终霜日（月-日）	倾向率/d·(10a)^-1	均值/d	倾向率/d·(10a)^-1
上游地区	09-24	2.64	05-13	-1.63	132	4.22
中游地区	10-16	2.23	04-23	-2.37	175	4.59
下游地区	10-31	2.76	04-06	-2.33	207	5.05

因素	影响因子	初霜日	终霜日	无霜期
相关系数	海拔高度	-0.892^**	0.835^**	-0.882^**
	经度	0.641^**	-0.637^**	0.653^**
	纬度	-0.205	0.341^**	-0.269^**
	日平均气温	0.965^**	-0.938^**	0.968^**
回归系数	海拔高度	-0.020	0.017	-0.037
	经度	2.994	-2.655	5.713
	纬度	-2.185	3.243	-5.372
	日平均气温	5.137	-4.455	9.647

Spatial and temporal characteristics and influencing factors of frost date in the Yellow River Basin from 1960 to 2020

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