2005—2020年新疆雷电灾害特征分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2021.555

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the statistical data related to lightning disasters from 2005 to 2020 and lightning location monitoring data in Xinjiang, China from 2013 to 2020, in this work, the characteristics of lightning disasters in Xinjiang were analyzed focusing on the industrial distribution, human casualties, and economic losses. The results showed: (1) There were 154 lightning disasters in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2020; these events resulted in 82 casualties. The annual variation in lightning disaster events showed a decrease across the studied period. Lightning disasters were more common in the period April-August, which is consistent with ground lightning activity in Xinjiang. (2) Lightning disasters were mainly concentrated in Altay Prefecture, the southeastern Tacheng Prefecture and Ili River Valley, whereas lightning disasters rarely occurred in southern Xinjiang. (3) Lightning disasters mainly occurred in rural areas, accounting for 62.3% of all disasters. The most common industrial damage caused by lighting disaster events was related to civil electronic equipment, factory equipment, electric power equipment, and buildings (in order of frequency). This study provides a theoretical foundation for lightning prevention and disaster reduction in Xinjiang.

Key words: lightning disaster events, spatial and temporal distribution, ground lighting activity, Xinjiang

LIU Zhaoxu,LIU Jing,FAN Zi’ang. Characteristics of lightnings disasters in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2020[J].Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(5): 1402-1414.

Figures/Tables 22

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 3

Statistics of lighting disaster events, casualties and economic losses in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2020"

地区	县（市）	雷电灾害次数 /次	伤亡人数 /人	受伤人数 /人	死亡人数 /人	经济损失 /10⁴元	地区	县（市）	雷电灾害次数 /次	伤亡人数 /人	受伤人数 /人	死亡人数 /人	经济损失 /10⁴元
伊犁哈萨克自治州直属县市	察布查尔县	3	1	0	1	2.6	阿勒泰地区	阿勒泰市	6	2	1	1	30.3
	巩留县	3	3	2	1	14.0		布尔津县	3	2	0	2	8.4
	霍城县	4	1	0	1	7.0		福海县	5	1	1	0	8.6
	尼勒克县	3	4	2	2	2.5		富蕴县	6	2	1	1	14.1
	新源县	3	0	0	0	22.6		哈巴河县	1	0	0	0	0.0
	伊宁县	1	1	0	1	0.0		吉木乃县	1	1	0	1	35.6
	昭苏县	5	9	6	3	3.0		青河县	5	1	0	1	25.7
巴音郭楞蒙古自治州	和静县	2	3	1	2	0.0	克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州	阿合奇县	2	8	7	1	4.0
	和硕县	1	1	0	1	0.0		阿克陶县	1	0	0	0	20.0
	库尔勒市	2	0	0	0	4.0		乌恰县	2	0	0	0	2.2
	尉犁县	1	3	2	1	0.0	博尔塔拉蒙古自治州	博乐市	3	2	1	1	36.0
	焉耆县	1	0	0	0	7.0	博尔塔拉蒙古自治州	温泉县	1	0	0	0	4.0
塔城地区	额敏县	2	4	2	2	0.0	昌吉回族自治州	昌吉市	3	0	0	0	12.3
	和布克赛尔县	5	2	1	1	24.3		阜康市	2	0	0	0	53.0
	沙湾县	1	0	0	0	2.0		呼图壁县	1	0	0	0	1.0
	塔城市	2	1	0	1	0.7		吉木萨尔县	4	1	0	1	14.5
	托里县	4	2	1	1	4.3		玛纳斯县	1	0	0	0	300.0
	乌苏市	1	0	0	0	100.0		木垒县	2	4	3	1	0.0
	裕民县	3	1	0	1	3.0		奇台县	1	0	0	0	6.0
阿克苏地区	阿克苏市	4	2	0	2	0.0	吐鲁番市	鄯善县	1	0	0	0	0.3
	拜城县	2	1	0	1	0.0	吐鲁番市	托克逊县	1	1	0	1	0.0
	柯坪县	1	0	0	0	20.0	喀什地区	伽师县	1	0	0	0	0.0
	库车县	1	0	0	0	0.0		喀什市	2	2	1	1	0.8
	沙雅县	2	3	2	1	0.0		疏附县	1	0	0	0	6.0
	乌什县	2	1	0	1	1.5		英吉沙县	1	1	0	1	0.0
哈密市	巴里坤县	2	0	0	0	1.3	克拉玛依市	克拉玛依市	7	0	0	0	112.7
	伊州区	4	1	0	1	45.0	乌鲁木齐市	乌鲁木齐市	4	0	0	0	25.0
	伊吾县	2	1	0	1	59.3	石河子市	石河子市	4	3	1	2	80.0
和田地区	皮山县	3	6	3	3	0.6

Tab. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Tab. 4

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

Tab. 5

Fig. 12

Tab. 6

Fig. 13

Fig. 14

Tab. 7

Tab. 8

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	农村					城市
	人畜伤亡	电子设备损坏	电力设备损坏	火灾	农村屋、牧舍损坏	电子设备损坏	电力设备损坏	工厂设备损坏	建筑物损坏
次数/次	63	18	6	5	4	22	11	21	4
占比/%	65.6	18.7	6.3	5.2	4.2	37.9	19.0	36.2	6.9

自变量	系数	标准误差	标准化系数	显著性水平（P）	共线性检验值（VIF）
常量	-4.691	4.658	-	0.340	-
地闪次数	1.571	0.456	0.644	0.007	1.840
生命易损模数	0.300	0.029	0.165	0.331	1.366
地闪平均密度	0.300	0.200	0.260	0.160	1.519
地闪平均强度	-0.127	0.219	-0.098	0.576	1.514
伤亡人数	0.780	0.257	0.501	0.015	1.486

地闪强度（I）/kA	0<I≤20	20<I≤40	40<I≤60	60<I≤80	80<I≤100	I>100
次数/次	3809	19692	20771	12234	6570	8453
比例/%	5.3	27.5	29.1	17.1	9.2	11.8

地闪强度（I）/kA	0<I≤20	20<I≤40	40<I≤60	60<I≤80	80<I≤100	I>100
次数/次	108698	235182	63668	18458	7669	11414
比例/%	24.4	52.8	14.3	4.2	1.7	2.6

Characteristics of lightnings disasters in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2020

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年份	雷电灾害事件总数/次	直接经济损失/10⁴元	总经济损失/10⁴元	人员伤亡总数/人	死亡人数/人	受伤人数/人
2005	31	49.1	49.1	13	7	6
2006	14	14.8	39.0	7	5	2
2007	20	77.7	88.2	12	8	4
2008	6	0.2	0.2	4	3	1
2009	6	49.0	49.0	4	2	2
2010	11	78.0	78.0	16	3	13
2011	14	444.4	453.4	4	2	2
2012	17	46.8	46.8	14	7	7
2013	7	73.1	73.1	1	1	0
2014	6	68.5	68.5	4	3	1
2015	6	14.2	14.2	2	2	0
2016	1	0.0	0.0	1	1	0
2017	3	103.0	103.0	0	0	0
2018	2	2.7	2.7	0	0	0
2019	9	50.0	60.0	0	0	0
2020	1	0.0	0.0	0	0	0
总计	154	1071.5	1125.2	82	44	38

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地州（市）	地闪密度最大值 /10^-2次·km^-2·a^-1	地闪密度平均值 /10^-2次·km^-2·a^-1
阿勒泰地区	243	17
塔城地区	199	25
博尔塔拉蒙古自治州	303	58
伊犁哈萨克自治州直属县市	108	22
克拉玛依市	718	257
昌吉回族自治州	137	17
乌鲁木齐市	313	75
石河子市	258	92
哈密市	100	5
和田地区	7	1
巴音郭楞蒙古自治州	15	1
喀什地区	60	4
阿克苏地区	87	11
克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州	254	18
吐鲁番市	135	9