Abstract: Sustainable development, a kind of new development view and model, is different fromthe traditional one. Its appearance shows that there has been a great change in people's knowledge to development, which is from unsustainable development to sustainable development. Itincludes three aspects: ecological, economic and social sustainable development.
China, a developing country, has made considerate achievements in the economic realm inthe past twenty years. However, as a result, the environmental situation in Chiria is worse andworse. For a long time, the feature of traditional developiment model is consumption of a lot ofresources and extensive management has a leading place. Productions rely on the input quanti-ties of resources and scale enlargement of economic entities. Between quantity-speed and quali-ty-benefit, people stress the former further. Comparing protection of resources with exploita-tion of that, people emphasize the latter. If this situation can not been changed, China's mod-ernized construction will be influenced. At present, China's national conditions consist of thefollowing aspects: plentiful population, a few per capita resources, weak consciousness of sus-tainable development, relatively poor lever in science and technology, extensive management, considerate economic differences and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, these vitalproblems should be paid a great attention to in realizing sustainable development.
On the bases of above problems, the authors put forward the following countermeasures: (1) Establishing human resources exploitation strategy based on population, education, employment, training and sustainable development; (2) Enforcing natural resources protec-tion, improving ecological environment, developing the industries of environmental protection, relying on science and technology and mitigating all kinds of contradictions; (3) Deepening thepeople 's awareness of sustainable development and perfecting the legal system; (4) Implement-ing anti-poverty strategy, promoting the economic, social, ecological sustainable developmentand shaking off poverty thoroughly; (5) Optimizing industrial structure, changing economicgrowth style and insisting on intensive development; (6) Building up resources-saving nationaleconomic system.

Key words: sustainable developrnent, strategic problem, Countermeasure, China