不同草地类型净初级生产力(NPP)模拟及其敏感性分析

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.02.08

Abstract

Abstract:

As a major challenge to the sustainable development of human society, climate change has attracted increasing attention from the international community. Global climate change significantly affects grassland ecosystems. Quantitative assessment of regional and grassland ecosystem productivity and its sensitivity to climate change could provide basic data on and a theoretical basis for grassland ecosystems adapting to future climate change. The grassland integrated comprehensive sequential classification system (CSCS) divides the natural grassland into 42 classes and aggregates them into 10 super-classes. Using the improved Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model, we simulated the net primary productivity (NPP) of natural grasslands in China from 2004 to 2008. A system clustering analysis was also conducted based on the annual average NPP of grassland classes to analyze NPP correlation and sensitivity and its influencing factors. The results show that the NPP showed an increase from 2004 to 2008 for all grassland super-classes. The subtropical forest rapidly increased by 38.2%. The temperate humid grassland slowly increased by 14.3%. The 41 grassland classes of China were clustered into three groups. The NPP of group 1 was low for its low wetness level and high heat level. Group 2 had high NPP for its high wetness and heat level and a suitable moisture and temperature ratio. Others were in group 3. The results indicate that the grassland NPP distribution pattern is related to the wetness and heat level in CSCS. There exists a significant correlation between the annual NPP and annual accumulated temperature greater than zero (Σθ), annual precipitation, wetness (K), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The correlation between annual NPP and solar radiation was the weakest. NDVI was the most sensitive variable to grassland NPP in China, simulated by the improved CASA model in this study, followed by Σθ, K-values, precipitation, and solar radiation. K-values and Σθ were used for quantitative classification in CSCS, and these two parameters were sensitive to NPP. This study completed the coupling of CSCS and grassland NPP to a certain extent.

Key words: net primary productivity (NPP), improved CASA model, grassland types, clustering analysis, sensitivity analysis

ZHANG Meiling,CHEN Quangong,JIANG Wenlan. Simulation and sensitivity analysis of net primary productivity(NPP) of different grassland types[J].Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(2): 369-378.

Figures/Tables 9

Tab. 1

Grassland classes and super-classes within the CSCS"

类组号	草地类组	草地类型
1	冻原高山草地	寒冷极干寒带荒漠-高山荒漠类（IA1）,寒冷干旱寒带半荒漠-高山半荒漠类（IB8）,寒冷微干干燥冻原-高山草原类（IC15）,寒冷微润少雨冻原-高山草原草甸类（ID22）,寒冷湿润冻原-高山草甸类（IE29）,寒冷潮湿多雨冻原-高山草甸类（IF36）
2	冷荒漠草地	寒温极干山地荒漠类（IIA2）,微温极干温性荒漠类（IIIA3）,温暖极干暖温带荒漠类（IVA4）
3	热荒漠带草地	暖热极干亚热带荒漠类（VA5）,亚热极干亚热带荒漠类（VIA6）,炎热极干热带荒漠类（VIIA7）
4	半荒漠草地	寒温干旱山地半荒漠类（IIB9）,微温干旱湿带半荒漠类（IIIB10）,暖温干旱暖温带半荒漠类（IVB11）,暖热干旱亚热带半荒漠类（VB12）
5	斯太普草地	寒温微干山地草原类（IIC16）,微温微干温带典型草原类（IIIC17）,暖温微干暖温带典型草原类（IVC18）,暖热微干亚热带禾草-灌木草原类（VC19）
6	萨王纳草地	亚热干旱亚热带荒漠灌丛类（VIB13）,炎热干旱热带荒漠灌丛类（VIIB14）,亚热微干亚热带禾草-灌木草原类（VIC20）,炎热微干稀树草原类（VIIC21）,炎热微润干旱森林类（VIID28）
7	温带湿润草地	寒温微润山地草甸草原类（IID23）,微温微润草甸草原类（IIID24）,寒温湿润山地草甸类（IIE30）,微温湿润森林草原-落叶阔叶林类（IIIE31）
8	温带森林草地	暖温微润森林草原类（IVD25）,暖温湿润落叶阔叶林类（IVE32）,寒温潮湿寒温性针叶林类（IIF37）,微温潮湿针叶阔叶混交林类（IIIF38）,暖温潮湿落叶阔叶林类（IVF39）
9	亚热带森林草地	暖热微润落叶阔叶林类（VD26）,亚热微润硬叶类和灌丛类（VID27）,暖热湿润常绿-落叶阔叶林类（VE33）,亚热湿润常绿阔叶林类（VIE34）,暖热潮湿落叶-常绿阔叶林类（VF40）,亚热潮湿常绿阔叶林类（VIF41）
10	热带森林草地	炎热湿润季雨林类（VIIE35）,炎热潮湿雨林类（VIIF42）

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 3

Fig. 4

Tab. 4

Sensitivity of grassland NPP to its impact factors"

Σθ	降水量	$K$ 值	太阳辐射	NDVI
50.067	47.348	47.348	18.398	52.529

Tab. 4

Fig. 5

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月份	降水量	Σθ	K值	太阳辐射	NDVI
n	0.699*	0.100*	0.697**	-0.103*	0.472**
n-1	0.423*	0.068	0.353**	-0.327**	0.269**
n-2	0.391*	0.195**	0.290**	-0.313**	0.231**
n-3	0.323*	0.129**	0.066	-0.248**	0.228**
n-4	0.230*	0.073	0.062	0.022	-0.021

Simulation and sensitivity analysis of net primary productivity(NPP) of different grassland types

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类组号	草地类组	年均NPP/g C·m^-2·a^-1
1	冻原高山草地	261.63
2	冷荒漠草地	141.26
3	热荒漠带草地	310.37
4	半荒漠草地	316.92
5	斯太普草地	424.67
6	萨王纳草地	640.29
7	温带湿润草地	452.88
8	温带森林草地	612.27
9	亚热带森林草地	784.26
10	热带森林草地	898.08

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