关键词: 农业生态气候资源, 定量分析, 分类评价, 青海

Abstract: The agro-ecoclimate, located in the median surface of two macrosystems of agriculture and climate is affected by both human and natural factors, is a dynamic system with complex biophysical mechanisms and biochemical reaction. Therefore, the agro-ecoclimate can be defined as a process of suitability degree changing with time and it can be used to synthesize the influences of every climatic factor on crop growth and set up the fuzzy dynamic models of the agro-ecoclimatic system. This method has the dynamic characteristic and so different from the traditional method to take the mean value, which may be laid the foundation to classify and appraise agroclimatic resources. In this paper, using average data of many years from 56 meteorological stations in Qinghai Province, based on three dynamic models of agro-ecoclimatic suitability degree, resource indices Cr, efficiency indices Ce and utility coefficient K were calculated. The result indicates that the changing trend of agro-ecoclimatic resources generally decrease with the change of longitude from east to west, and longitudinal differentiation of agro-ecoclimatic resources is greater than latitudinal differentiation of ones. Resource indices Cr of maximum value (4.985) appeared in Datong and lowest value (3.425) in Qumalai, efficiency indices Ce of maximum value (2.231) appeared in Datong and lowest value (0) in Dachaidan, Chaerhan, Xiaozaohuo and Geermu, utility coefficient K of maximum value (0.466) appeared in Datong and lowest value (0) in Dachaidan, Chaerhan, Xiaozaohuo and Geermu. Through Fuzzy cluster analyses on the data of efficiency indices Ce, the four types (included five subtypes) of agro-ecoclimate were divided, which are Chaidamu Basin type, middle and western of South Qinghai Plateau—middle and western of Qilianshan Mountain type (included western of South Qinghai Plateau—western of Qilianshan Mountain subtype, around Qinghai Lake of Platform—middle of Qilianshan Mountain subtype, Gonghe Basin—Hainan Platform subtype), southeastern of South Qinghai Plateau—eastern of Qilianshan Mountain type, Yellow River and Huangshui River Valley—Mountains type (included Yellow River and Huangshui River Valley subtype, hilly and mountainous area subtype). On the basis of this, the following conclusions can be obtained： (1) the agro-ecoclimatic resources of Qinghai Province have obvious characteristic of spatial differentiation, and the eastern area is obviously superior to the western area. (2) Low temperature is fundamental restrictive factor in Qinghai Province, especially in South Qinghai Plateau, around Qinghai Lake of Platform and Chaidamu Basin, so animal husbandry and forestry are the main direction of agricultural development. (3) Drought is principal restrictive factor in Qinghai Province too, especially in Chaidamu Basin, irrigated farming has a position of importance. (4) Compared with the other areas, rainwater farming has comparatively developmental potential in Yellow River and Huangshui River Valley as well as marginal areas of Southeast Qinghai.

Key words: agro-ecoclimatic resources, quantitative analysis, classified appraisal, Qinghai Province